/*
*   ORXONOX - the hottest 3D action shooter ever to exist
*
*
*   License notice:
*
*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
*   (at your option) any later version.
*
*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
*   GNU General Public License for more details.
*
*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*
*   Author:
*      Reto Grieder
*   Co-authors:
*      ...
*/


#include "Ogre.h"
//#include "OgreRoot.h"
//#include "OgreSceneManager.h"
//#include "OgreSceneNode.h"
//#include "OgreCamera.h"
//#include "OgreViewport.h"
//#include "OgreRenderWindow.h"
//#include "OgreOverlay.h"
//#include "OgreOverlayManager.h"
//#include "OgreOverlayElement.h"
//#include "OgreTextureManager.h"
//#include "OgreMaterialManager.h"
//#include "OgreLogManager.h"
//#include "OgreVector3.h"
//#include "OgreStringConverter.h"
//#include "OgreWindowEventUtilities.h"

//Use this define to signify OIS will be used as a DLL
//(so that dll import/export macros are in effect)
#define OIS_DYNAMIC_LIB
#include <OIS/OIS.h>

#include "ogre_control.h"
#include "orxonox_scene.h"
#include "orxonox_ship.h"
#include "bullet.h"
#include "camera_manager.h"

#include "run_manager.h"

namespace orxonox {
  using namespace Ogre;

  /**
  * RunManager is the basic control object during the game.
  * 
  * The RunManger class is designed to actually "run" the main part of the
  * game. The Idea is, that you could derive from the RunManager in order
  * to distinguish between a first person shooter or a space craft shooter.
  * RunManager loads and initialises everything in the scene (like the ship,
  * the enemies in the scene, any scripts, the physics, window events,
  * environment, HUD, etc.).
  * It also captures any input from keyboard, mous, joystick (optional) or
  * Ogre (window events).
  */


  /**
  * Contructor only needs the render window and the Root object which are both
  * the OgreControl object.
  * Right now the constructor does all the initialisation work. This could also
  * be done in a new method "initialize()", for whatever purpose.
  * 
  * 
  * @param ogre_ The OgreControl object holding the render window and the Root
  */
  RunManager::RunManager(OgreControl * ogre)
        : ogre_(ogre), window_(ogre->getRenderWindow()), leftButtonDown_(false),
        statsOn_(true), screenShotCounter_(0), timeUntilNextToggle_(0),
        filtering_(TFO_BILINEAR), aniso_(1), sceneDetailIndex_(0),
        mouseSensitivity_(0.003),
        debugOverlay_(0), inputManager_(0), mouse_(0), keyboard_(0), joystick_(0)
  {

    // SETTING UP THE SCENE

    // create one new SceneManger
    sceneMgr_ = ogre_->getRoot()->createSceneManager(ST_GENERIC, "backgroundScene_");

    // background scene (world objects, skybox, lights, etc.)
    backgroundScene_ = new OrxonoxScene(sceneMgr_);

    // PLAYER SPACESHIP

    // Create a space ship object and its SceneNode.
    // Some ideas about the steering: The ship should only receive events like
    // up, down, left, right, roll left, roll right, move down, move up, etc).
    // Multiple interpretations of these commands would make the game more
    // but it also makes AI steering more difficult, since for every type of
    // steering, new methods have to be written.
    // --> clearly define how a space ship can fly (rolling?, conservation of
    // impuls?, direct mouse sight steeering?, etc.)
    // It should also be considered, that the ship should provide another Node
    // for a camera to be attached (otherwise the spaceship in front of the
    // would be very static, never moving at all).

    // Construct a new spaceship and give it the node
    playerShip_ = new OrxonoxShip(sceneMgr_, sceneMgr_->getRootSceneNode()
      ->createChildSceneNode("ShipNode", Vector3(20, 20, 20)));


    // RESOURCE LOADING (using ResourceGroups if implemented)

    // load all resources and create the entities by calling the initialise()
    // methods for each object (don't initialise in the constructor!).
    backgroundScene_->initialise();
    playerShip_->initialise();


    // CAMERA AND VIEWPORT
    // TODO: create a camera manager. It should be able to change its position
    // around the space ship (predefined states would be nice too). And it should
    // also be able to switch between different locations (like ship, spactator,
    // certain fixed positions (e.g. finish line, etc.)). These are just ideas.

    // create camera and viewport
    createCamera();
    createViewports();


    // Set default mipmap level (NB some APIs ignore this)
    TextureManager::getSingleton().setDefaultNumMipmaps(5);

    
    // BULLET LIST FOR THE TEST APPLICATION

    // TODO: Use STL to make life easier. But it works this way too..
    bullets_ = new Bullet*[10];
    bulletsIndex_ = 0;
    bulletsSize_ = 10;


    // HUMAN INTERFACE

    using namespace OIS;

    debugOverlay_ = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
      .getByName("Core/DebugOverlay");

    LogManager::getSingletonPtr()->logMessage("*** Initializing OIS ***");
    ParamList pl;
    size_t windowHnd = 0;
    std::ostringstream windowHndStr;

    window_->getCustomAttribute("WINDOW", &windowHnd);
    windowHndStr << windowHnd;
    pl.insert(std::make_pair(std::string("WINDOW"), windowHndStr.str()));

    inputManager_ = InputManager::createInputSystem( pl );

    // Create all devices (We only catch joystick exceptions here,
    // as, most people have Key/Mouse)
    keyboard_ = static_cast<Keyboard*>(inputManager_
      ->createInputObject( OISKeyboard, false ));
    mouse_ = static_cast<Mouse*>(inputManager_
      ->createInputObject( OISMouse, false ));
    try {
      joystick_ = static_cast<JoyStick*>(inputManager_
        ->createInputObject( OISJoyStick, false ));
    }
    catch(...) {
      joystick_ = 0;
    }

    //Set initial mouse clipping size
    windowResized(window_);

    showDebugOverlay(true);

    // REGISTER THIS OBJECT AS A WINDOW EVENT LISTENER IN OGRE
    // It will then receive events liek windowClosed, windowResized, etc.
    WindowEventUtilities::addWindowEventListener(window_, this);
  }

  /**
  * Standard destructor.
  * Removes this object as a window event listener and deletes all created
  * variables.
  */
  RunManager::~RunManager()
  {
    //Remove ourself as a Window listener
    WindowEventUtilities::removeWindowEventListener(window_, this);
    windowClosed(window_);

    if (backgroundScene_)
      delete backgroundScene_;
    if (playerShip_)
      delete playerShip_;

    // clean up the bullet list
    for (int i = 0; i < bulletsIndex_; i++)
      delete bullets_[i];
    delete bullets_;
  }


  /**
  * Method to compute anyting between 2 frames.
  * 
  * Everything that needs to be computed during the games happens right here.
  * The only exception are the listeners (which should only set variables,
  * not actually do something).
  * 
  * @param time Absolute play time
  * @param deltaTime Time passed since last frame
  * @return Return false to end rendering
  */
  bool RunManager::tick(unsigned long time, float deltaTime)
  {
    // synchronize with internal class timer
    totalTime_ = time;

    // Call tick() for every object
    // This could be done by registering (needs a factory..)
    backgroundScene_->tick(time, deltaTime);
    playerShip_->tick(time, deltaTime);


    // Update the 'HUD'
    updateStats();

    // update the bullet positions
    for (int i = 0; i < bulletsIndex_; i++)
    {
      bullets_[i]->node_->translate(bullets_[i]->speed_*deltaTime);
      bullets_[i]->node_->yaw(Degree(deltaTime*100));
      bullets_[i]->node_->roll(Degree(deltaTime*300));
    }

    // HUMAN INTERFACE

    using namespace OIS;

    if(window_->isClosed())	return false;

    //Need to capture/update each device
    keyboard_->capture();
    mouse_->capture();
    if( joystick_ ) joystick_->capture();

    bool buffJ = (joystick_) ? joystick_->buffered() : true;

    //Check if one of the devices is not buffered
    if( !mouse_->buffered() || !keyboard_->buffered() || !buffJ )
    {
      // one of the input modes is immediate, so setup what
      // is needed for immediate movement
      if (timeUntilNextToggle_ >= 0)
        timeUntilNextToggle_ -= deltaTime;
    }

    // handle HID devices
    if( processUnbufferedKeyInput() == false )
        return false;
    if( processUnbufferedMouseInput() == false )
        return false;

    // keep rendering
    return true;
  }


  /**
  * Adjust mouse clipping area.
  * This method is called by Ogre without regards of tick()!
  * Avoid doing too much in this call.
  * @param rw render window
  */
  void RunManager::windowResized(RenderWindow* rw)
  {
    unsigned int width, height, depth;
    int left, top;
    rw->getMetrics(width, height, depth, left, top);

    const OIS::MouseState &ms = mouse_->getMouseState();
    ms.width = width;
    ms.height = height;
  }


  /**
  * Unattach OIS before window shutdown (very important under Linux).
  * Again, avoid computing a lot in this function.
  * @param rw Render Window
  */
  void RunManager::windowClosed(RenderWindow* rw)
  {
    //Only close for window that created OIS (the main window in these demos)
    if( rw == window_ )
    {
      if( inputManager_ )
      {
        inputManager_->destroyInputObject( mouse_ );
        inputManager_->destroyInputObject( keyboard_ );
        inputManager_->destroyInputObject( joystick_ );

        OIS::InputManager::destroyInputSystem(inputManager_);
        inputManager_ = 0;
      }
    }
  }

  /**
  * Processes the Keyboard input.
  * TODO: Use listeners to improve performance.
  * A lookup table should be implemented to bind any key to a specific action.
  * @return Return true to keep rendering
  */
  bool RunManager::processUnbufferedKeyInput()
  {
    using namespace OIS;

    if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_A) || keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_LEFT))
      playerShip_->setSideThrust(1);
    else if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_D) || keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_RIGHT))
      playerShip_->setSideThrust(-1);
    else
      playerShip_->setSideThrust(0);

    if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_UP) || keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_W) )
      playerShip_->setMainThrust(1);
    else if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_DOWN) || keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_S) )
      playerShip_->setMainThrust(-1);
    else
      playerShip_->setMainThrust(0);

    if (keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_C))
      playerShip_->setYThrust(1);
    else if (keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_SPACE))
      playerShip_->setYThrust(-1);
    else
      playerShip_->setYThrust(0);

    if( keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_ESCAPE) || keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_Q) )
      return false;

    if( keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_F) && timeUntilNextToggle_ <= 0 )
    {
      statsOn_ = !statsOn_;
      showDebugOverlay(statsOn_);
      timeUntilNextToggle_ = 1;
    }

    if( keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_T) && timeUntilNextToggle_ <= 0 )
    {
      switch(filtering_)
      {
      case TFO_BILINEAR:
        filtering_ = TFO_TRILINEAR;
        aniso_ = 1;
        break;
      case TFO_TRILINEAR:
        filtering_ = TFO_ANISOTROPIC;
        aniso_ = 8;
        break;
      case TFO_ANISOTROPIC:
        filtering_ = TFO_BILINEAR;
        aniso_ = 1;
        break;
      default: break;
      }
      MaterialManager::getSingleton().setDefaultTextureFiltering(filtering_);
      MaterialManager::getSingleton().setDefaultAnisotropy(aniso_);

      showDebugOverlay(statsOn_);
      timeUntilNextToggle_ = 1;
    }

    if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_SYSRQ) && timeUntilNextToggle_ <= 0)
    {
      std::ostringstream ss;
      ss << "screenshot_" << ++screenShotCounter_ << ".png";
      window_->writeContentsToFile(ss.str());
      timeUntilNextToggle_ = 0.5;
      debugText_ = "Saved: " + ss.str();
    }

    if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_R) && timeUntilNextToggle_ <=0)
    {
      sceneDetailIndex_ = (sceneDetailIndex_+1)%3 ;
      switch(sceneDetailIndex_) {
          case 0 : camera_->setPolygonMode(PM_SOLID); break;
          case 1 : camera_->setPolygonMode(PM_WIREFRAME); break;
          case 2 : camera_->setPolygonMode(PM_POINTS); break;
      }
      timeUntilNextToggle_ = 0.5;
    }

    static bool displayCameraDetails = false;
    if(keyboard_->isKeyDown(KC_P) && timeUntilNextToggle_ <= 0)
    {
      displayCameraDetails = !displayCameraDetails;
      timeUntilNextToggle_ = 0.5;
      if (!displayCameraDetails)
        debugText_ = "";
    }

    // Print camera details
    if(displayCameraDetails)
      debugText_ = " | Speed = "
            + StringConverter::toString(playerShip_->getSpeed());
    // debugText_ = "P: " + StringConverter::toString(camera_
    //      ->getDerivedPosition()) + " " + "O: "
    //      + StringConverter::toString(camera_->getDerivedOrientation());

    // Return true to continue rendering
    return true;
  }


  /**
  * Processes the Mouse input.
  * TODO: Use listeners to improve performance.
  * A lookup table should be implemented to bind ANY button or movement
  * to a specific action.
  * @return Return true to keep rendering
  */
  bool RunManager::processUnbufferedMouseInput()
  {
    using namespace OIS;

    const MouseState &ms = mouse_->getMouseState();

    // This is a 'hack' to show some flying barrels..
    // Usually, the Bullet created by the ship should be managed
    // by the physics engine..
    if (ms.buttonDown(MB_Left) && !leftButtonDown_)
    {
      // Prevent continuous fire for the moment.
      leftButtonDown_ = true;
      
      // let ship fire one shot with its only weapon (Barrels..)
      Bullet *tempBullet = playerShip_->fire();

      // resize array if neccessary (double the size then)
      if (bulletsIndex_ >= bulletsSize_)
      {
        // redimension the array
        Bullet **tempArray = new Bullet*[2*bulletsSize_];
        for (int i = 0; i < bulletsSize_; i++)
          tempArray[i] = bullets_[i];
        bulletsSize_ *= 2;
        delete bullets_;
        bullets_ = tempArray;
      }

      // add the bullet to the list
      bullets_[bulletsIndex_++] = tempBullet;

    }
    else if (!ms.buttons)
      leftButtonDown_ = false;

    // space ship steering. This should definitely be done in the steering object
    // Simply give it the mouse movements.
    playerShip_->turnUpAndDown(Radian(ms.Y.rel * mouseSensitivity_));
    playerShip_->turnLeftAndRight(Radian(ms.X.rel * mouseSensitivity_));
    //playerShip_->mRootNode->pitch(Degree(-ms.Y.rel * 0.13), Ogre::Node::TransformSpace::TS_LOCAL);
    //playerShip_->mRootNode->yaw(Degree(-ms.X.rel * 0.13), Ogre::Node::TransformSpace::TS_PARENT);

    // keep rendering
    return true;
  }

  /**
  * Show the debug overlay of desired.
  * @param show Whether or not to show the debug overlay
  */
  void RunManager::showDebugOverlay(bool show)
  {
    if (debugOverlay_)
    {
      if (show)
        debugOverlay_->show();
      else
        debugOverlay_->hide();
    }
  }


  /**
  * Show stats (e.g. FPS) in the left lower corner of the screen.
  * Copied from the ExampleFrameListener.h in the Ogre SDK
  */
  void RunManager::updateStats(void)
  {
    static String currFps = "Current FPS: ";
    static String avgFps = "Average FPS: ";
    static String bestFps = "Best FPS: ";
    static String worstFps = "Worst FPS: ";
    static String tris = "Triangle Count: ";
    static String batches = "Batch Count: ";

    // update stats when necessary
    try {
      OverlayElement* guiAvg = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/AverageFps");
      OverlayElement* guiCurr = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/CurrFps");
      OverlayElement* guiBest = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/BestFps");
      OverlayElement* guiWorst = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/WorstFps");

      const RenderTarget::FrameStats& stats = window_->getStatistics();
      guiAvg->setCaption(avgFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.avgFPS));
      guiCurr->setCaption(currFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.lastFPS));
      guiBest->setCaption(bestFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.bestFPS)
        +" "+StringConverter::toString(stats.bestFrameTime)+" ms");
      guiWorst->setCaption(worstFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.worstFPS)
        +" "+StringConverter::toString(stats.worstFrameTime)+" ms");

      OverlayElement* guiTris = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/NumTris");
      guiTris->setCaption(tris + StringConverter::toString(stats.triangleCount));

      OverlayElement* guiBatches = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/NumBatches");
      guiBatches->setCaption(batches
        + StringConverter::toString(stats.batchCount));

      OverlayElement* guiDbg = OverlayManager::getSingleton()
        .getOverlayElement("Core/DebugText");
      guiDbg->setCaption(debugText_);
    }
    catch(...) { /* ignore */ }
  }



  /**
  * Simple camera creator.
  * playerShip_Node->attachObject(camera_) should no be here! This is what the camera
  * manager is for. Right now, this method should do just fine, setting the
  * cam behind the ship.
  */
  void RunManager::createCamera(void)
  {
    camera_ = sceneMgr_->createCamera("PlayerCam");
    playerShip_->getRootNode()->attachObject(camera_);
    camera_->setNearClipDistance(5);
    camera_->setPosition(Vector3(0,10,500));
    camera_->lookAt(Vector3(0,0,0));
  }

  /**
  * Simple viewport creator.
  * TODO: fully understand the concept of viewports concerning orxnox.
  * E.g. do we need splitscreen mode?
  * For now the viewport uses the entire render window and is based on the one
  * camera created so far.
  */
  void RunManager::createViewports(void)
  {
    // Create one viewport, entire window
    Viewport* vp = window_->addViewport(camera_);
    vp->setBackgroundColour(ColourValue(0,0,0));

    // Alter the camera aspect ratio to match the viewport
    camera_->setAspectRatio(
      Real(vp->getActualWidth()) / Real(vp->getActualHeight()));
  }

}