1 | /* |
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2 | * Copyright (c) 2005 Erwin Coumans http://continuousphysics.com/Bullet/ |
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3 | * |
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4 | * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software |
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5 | * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, |
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6 | * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies. |
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7 | * Erwin Coumans makes no representations about the suitability |
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8 | * of this software for any purpose. |
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9 | * It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. |
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10 | */ |
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11 | |
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12 | #include "LinearMath/btVector3.h" |
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13 | #include "btRaycastVehicle.h" |
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14 | |
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15 | #include "BulletDynamics/ConstraintSolver/btSolve2LinearConstraint.h" |
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16 | #include "BulletDynamics/ConstraintSolver/btJacobianEntry.h" |
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17 | #include "LinearMath/btQuaternion.h" |
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18 | #include "BulletDynamics/Dynamics/btDynamicsWorld.h" |
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19 | #include "btVehicleRaycaster.h" |
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20 | #include "btWheelInfo.h" |
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21 | #include "LinearMath/btMinMax.h" |
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22 | #include "LinearMath/btIDebugDraw.h" |
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23 | #include "BulletDynamics/ConstraintSolver/btContactConstraint.h" |
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24 | |
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25 | static btRigidBody s_fixedObject( 0,0,0); |
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26 | |
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27 | btRaycastVehicle::btRaycastVehicle(const btVehicleTuning& tuning,btRigidBody* chassis, btVehicleRaycaster* raycaster ) |
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28 | :m_vehicleRaycaster(raycaster), |
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29 | m_pitchControl(btScalar(0.)) |
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30 | { |
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31 | m_chassisBody = chassis; |
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32 | m_indexRightAxis = 0; |
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33 | m_indexUpAxis = 2; |
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34 | m_indexForwardAxis = 1; |
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35 | defaultInit(tuning); |
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36 | } |
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37 | |
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38 | |
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39 | void btRaycastVehicle::defaultInit(const btVehicleTuning& tuning) |
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40 | { |
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41 | (void)tuning; |
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42 | m_currentVehicleSpeedKmHour = btScalar(0.); |
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43 | m_steeringValue = btScalar(0.); |
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44 | |
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45 | } |
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46 | |
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47 | |
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48 | |
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49 | btRaycastVehicle::~btRaycastVehicle() |
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50 | { |
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51 | } |
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52 | |
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53 | |
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54 | // |
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55 | // basically most of the code is general for 2 or 4 wheel vehicles, but some of it needs to be reviewed |
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56 | // |
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57 | btWheelInfo& btRaycastVehicle::addWheel( const btVector3& connectionPointCS, const btVector3& wheelDirectionCS0,const btVector3& wheelAxleCS, btScalar suspensionRestLength, btScalar wheelRadius,const btVehicleTuning& tuning, bool isFrontWheel) |
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58 | { |
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59 | |
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60 | btWheelInfoConstructionInfo ci; |
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61 | |
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62 | ci.m_chassisConnectionCS = connectionPointCS; |
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63 | ci.m_wheelDirectionCS = wheelDirectionCS0; |
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64 | ci.m_wheelAxleCS = wheelAxleCS; |
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65 | ci.m_suspensionRestLength = suspensionRestLength; |
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66 | ci.m_wheelRadius = wheelRadius; |
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67 | ci.m_suspensionStiffness = tuning.m_suspensionStiffness; |
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68 | ci.m_wheelsDampingCompression = tuning.m_suspensionCompression; |
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69 | ci.m_wheelsDampingRelaxation = tuning.m_suspensionDamping; |
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70 | ci.m_frictionSlip = tuning.m_frictionSlip; |
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71 | ci.m_bIsFrontWheel = isFrontWheel; |
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72 | ci.m_maxSuspensionTravelCm = tuning.m_maxSuspensionTravelCm; |
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73 | |
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74 | m_wheelInfo.push_back( btWheelInfo(ci)); |
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75 | |
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76 | btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[getNumWheels()-1]; |
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77 | |
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78 | updateWheelTransformsWS( wheel , false ); |
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79 | updateWheelTransform(getNumWheels()-1,false); |
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80 | return wheel; |
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81 | } |
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82 | |
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83 | |
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84 | |
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85 | |
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86 | const btTransform& btRaycastVehicle::getWheelTransformWS( int wheelIndex ) const |
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87 | { |
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88 | btAssert(wheelIndex < getNumWheels()); |
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89 | const btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[wheelIndex]; |
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90 | return wheel.m_worldTransform; |
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91 | |
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92 | } |
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93 | |
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94 | void btRaycastVehicle::updateWheelTransform( int wheelIndex , bool interpolatedTransform) |
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95 | { |
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96 | |
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97 | btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[ wheelIndex ]; |
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98 | updateWheelTransformsWS(wheel,interpolatedTransform); |
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99 | btVector3 up = -wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS; |
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100 | const btVector3& right = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelAxleWS; |
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101 | btVector3 fwd = up.cross(right); |
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102 | fwd = fwd.normalize(); |
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103 | // up = right.cross(fwd); |
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104 | // up.normalize(); |
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105 | |
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106 | //rotate around steering over de wheelAxleWS |
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107 | btScalar steering = wheel.m_steering; |
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108 | |
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109 | btQuaternion steeringOrn(up,steering);//wheel.m_steering); |
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110 | btMatrix3x3 steeringMat(steeringOrn); |
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111 | |
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112 | btQuaternion rotatingOrn(right,-wheel.m_rotation); |
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113 | btMatrix3x3 rotatingMat(rotatingOrn); |
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114 | |
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115 | btMatrix3x3 basis2( |
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116 | right[0],fwd[0],up[0], |
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117 | right[1],fwd[1],up[1], |
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118 | right[2],fwd[2],up[2] |
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119 | ); |
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120 | |
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121 | wheel.m_worldTransform.setBasis(steeringMat * rotatingMat * basis2); |
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122 | wheel.m_worldTransform.setOrigin( |
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123 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_hardPointWS + wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS * wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength |
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124 | ); |
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125 | } |
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126 | |
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127 | void btRaycastVehicle::resetSuspension() |
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128 | { |
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129 | |
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130 | int i; |
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131 | for (i=0;i<m_wheelInfo.size(); i++) |
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132 | { |
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133 | btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[i]; |
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134 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength = wheel.getSuspensionRestLength(); |
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135 | wheel.m_suspensionRelativeVelocity = btScalar(0.0); |
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136 | |
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137 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS = - wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS; |
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138 | //wheel_info.setContactFriction(btScalar(0.0)); |
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139 | wheel.m_clippedInvContactDotSuspension = btScalar(1.0); |
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140 | } |
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141 | } |
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142 | |
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143 | void btRaycastVehicle::updateWheelTransformsWS(btWheelInfo& wheel , bool interpolatedTransform) |
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144 | { |
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145 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_isInContact = false; |
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146 | |
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147 | btTransform chassisTrans = getChassisWorldTransform(); |
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148 | if (interpolatedTransform && (getRigidBody()->getMotionState())) |
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149 | { |
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150 | getRigidBody()->getMotionState()->getWorldTransform(chassisTrans); |
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151 | } |
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152 | |
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153 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_hardPointWS = chassisTrans( wheel.m_chassisConnectionPointCS ); |
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154 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS = chassisTrans.getBasis() * wheel.m_wheelDirectionCS ; |
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155 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelAxleWS = chassisTrans.getBasis() * wheel.m_wheelAxleCS; |
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156 | } |
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157 | |
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158 | btScalar btRaycastVehicle::rayCast(btWheelInfo& wheel) |
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159 | { |
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160 | updateWheelTransformsWS( wheel,false); |
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161 | |
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162 | |
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163 | btScalar depth = -1; |
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164 | |
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165 | btScalar raylen = wheel.getSuspensionRestLength()+wheel.m_wheelsRadius; |
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166 | |
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167 | btVector3 rayvector = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS * (raylen); |
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168 | const btVector3& source = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_hardPointWS; |
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169 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS = source + rayvector; |
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170 | const btVector3& target = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS; |
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171 | |
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172 | btScalar param = btScalar(0.); |
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173 | |
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174 | btVehicleRaycaster::btVehicleRaycasterResult rayResults; |
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175 | |
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176 | btAssert(m_vehicleRaycaster); |
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177 | |
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178 | void* object = m_vehicleRaycaster->castRay(source,target,rayResults); |
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179 | |
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180 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject = 0; |
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181 | |
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182 | if (object) |
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183 | { |
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184 | param = rayResults.m_distFraction; |
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185 | depth = raylen * rayResults.m_distFraction; |
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186 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS = rayResults.m_hitNormalInWorld; |
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187 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_isInContact = true; |
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188 | |
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189 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject = &s_fixedObject;///@todo for driving on dynamic/movable objects!; |
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190 | //wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject = object; |
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191 | |
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192 | |
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193 | btScalar hitDistance = param*raylen; |
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194 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength = hitDistance - wheel.m_wheelsRadius; |
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195 | //clamp on max suspension travel |
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196 | |
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197 | btScalar minSuspensionLength = wheel.getSuspensionRestLength() - wheel.m_maxSuspensionTravelCm*btScalar(0.01); |
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198 | btScalar maxSuspensionLength = wheel.getSuspensionRestLength()+ wheel.m_maxSuspensionTravelCm*btScalar(0.01); |
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199 | if (wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength < minSuspensionLength) |
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200 | { |
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201 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength = minSuspensionLength; |
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202 | } |
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203 | if (wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength > maxSuspensionLength) |
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204 | { |
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205 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength = maxSuspensionLength; |
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206 | } |
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207 | |
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208 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS = rayResults.m_hitPointInWorld; |
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209 | |
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210 | btScalar denominator= wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS.dot( wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS ); |
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211 | |
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212 | btVector3 chassis_velocity_at_contactPoint; |
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213 | btVector3 relpos = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS-getRigidBody()->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
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214 | |
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215 | chassis_velocity_at_contactPoint = getRigidBody()->getVelocityInLocalPoint(relpos); |
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216 | |
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217 | btScalar projVel = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS.dot( chassis_velocity_at_contactPoint ); |
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218 | |
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219 | if ( denominator >= btScalar(-0.1)) |
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220 | { |
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221 | wheel.m_suspensionRelativeVelocity = btScalar(0.0); |
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222 | wheel.m_clippedInvContactDotSuspension = btScalar(1.0) / btScalar(0.1); |
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223 | } |
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224 | else |
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225 | { |
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226 | btScalar inv = btScalar(-1.) / denominator; |
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227 | wheel.m_suspensionRelativeVelocity = projVel * inv; |
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228 | wheel.m_clippedInvContactDotSuspension = inv; |
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229 | } |
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230 | |
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231 | } else |
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232 | { |
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233 | //put wheel info as in rest position |
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234 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength = wheel.getSuspensionRestLength(); |
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235 | wheel.m_suspensionRelativeVelocity = btScalar(0.0); |
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236 | wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS = - wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_wheelDirectionWS; |
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237 | wheel.m_clippedInvContactDotSuspension = btScalar(1.0); |
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238 | } |
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239 | |
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240 | return depth; |
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241 | } |
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242 | |
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243 | |
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244 | const btTransform& btRaycastVehicle::getChassisWorldTransform() const |
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245 | { |
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246 | /*if (getRigidBody()->getMotionState()) |
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247 | { |
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248 | btTransform chassisWorldTrans; |
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249 | getRigidBody()->getMotionState()->getWorldTransform(chassisWorldTrans); |
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250 | return chassisWorldTrans; |
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251 | } |
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252 | */ |
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253 | |
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254 | |
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255 | return getRigidBody()->getCenterOfMassTransform(); |
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256 | } |
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257 | |
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258 | |
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259 | void btRaycastVehicle::updateVehicle( btScalar step ) |
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260 | { |
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261 | { |
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262 | for (int i=0;i<getNumWheels();i++) |
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263 | { |
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264 | updateWheelTransform(i,false); |
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265 | } |
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266 | } |
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267 | |
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268 | |
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269 | m_currentVehicleSpeedKmHour = btScalar(3.6) * getRigidBody()->getLinearVelocity().length(); |
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270 | |
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271 | const btTransform& chassisTrans = getChassisWorldTransform(); |
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272 | |
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273 | btVector3 forwardW ( |
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274 | chassisTrans.getBasis()[0][m_indexForwardAxis], |
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275 | chassisTrans.getBasis()[1][m_indexForwardAxis], |
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276 | chassisTrans.getBasis()[2][m_indexForwardAxis]); |
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277 | |
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278 | if (forwardW.dot(getRigidBody()->getLinearVelocity()) < btScalar(0.)) |
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279 | { |
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280 | m_currentVehicleSpeedKmHour *= btScalar(-1.); |
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281 | } |
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282 | |
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283 | // |
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284 | // simulate suspension |
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285 | // |
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286 | |
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287 | int i=0; |
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288 | for (i=0;i<m_wheelInfo.size();i++) |
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289 | { |
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290 | btScalar depth; |
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291 | depth = rayCast( m_wheelInfo[i]); |
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292 | } |
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293 | |
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294 | updateSuspension(step); |
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295 | |
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296 | |
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297 | for (i=0;i<m_wheelInfo.size();i++) |
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298 | { |
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299 | //apply suspension force |
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300 | btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[i]; |
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301 | |
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302 | btScalar suspensionForce = wheel.m_wheelsSuspensionForce; |
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303 | |
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304 | btScalar gMaxSuspensionForce = btScalar(6000.); |
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305 | if (suspensionForce > gMaxSuspensionForce) |
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306 | { |
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307 | suspensionForce = gMaxSuspensionForce; |
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308 | } |
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309 | btVector3 impulse = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS * suspensionForce * step; |
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310 | btVector3 relpos = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS - getRigidBody()->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
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311 | |
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312 | getRigidBody()->applyImpulse(impulse, relpos); |
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313 | |
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314 | } |
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315 | |
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316 | |
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317 | |
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318 | updateFriction( step); |
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319 | |
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320 | |
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321 | for (i=0;i<m_wheelInfo.size();i++) |
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322 | { |
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323 | btWheelInfo& wheel = m_wheelInfo[i]; |
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324 | btVector3 relpos = wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_hardPointWS - getRigidBody()->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
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325 | btVector3 vel = getRigidBody()->getVelocityInLocalPoint( relpos ); |
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326 | |
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327 | if (wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_isInContact) |
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328 | { |
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329 | const btTransform& chassisWorldTransform = getChassisWorldTransform(); |
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330 | |
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331 | btVector3 fwd ( |
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332 | chassisWorldTransform.getBasis()[0][m_indexForwardAxis], |
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333 | chassisWorldTransform.getBasis()[1][m_indexForwardAxis], |
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334 | chassisWorldTransform.getBasis()[2][m_indexForwardAxis]); |
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335 | |
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336 | btScalar proj = fwd.dot(wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS); |
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337 | fwd -= wheel.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS * proj; |
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338 | |
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339 | btScalar proj2 = fwd.dot(vel); |
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340 | |
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341 | wheel.m_deltaRotation = (proj2 * step) / (wheel.m_wheelsRadius); |
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342 | wheel.m_rotation += wheel.m_deltaRotation; |
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343 | |
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344 | } else |
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345 | { |
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346 | wheel.m_rotation += wheel.m_deltaRotation; |
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347 | } |
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348 | |
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349 | wheel.m_deltaRotation *= btScalar(0.99);//damping of rotation when not in contact |
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350 | |
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351 | } |
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352 | |
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353 | |
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354 | |
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355 | } |
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356 | |
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357 | |
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358 | void btRaycastVehicle::setSteeringValue(btScalar steering,int wheel) |
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359 | { |
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360 | btAssert(wheel>=0 && wheel < getNumWheels()); |
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361 | |
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362 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = getWheelInfo(wheel); |
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363 | wheelInfo.m_steering = steering; |
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364 | } |
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365 | |
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366 | |
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367 | |
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368 | btScalar btRaycastVehicle::getSteeringValue(int wheel) const |
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369 | { |
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370 | return getWheelInfo(wheel).m_steering; |
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371 | } |
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372 | |
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373 | |
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374 | void btRaycastVehicle::applyEngineForce(btScalar force, int wheel) |
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375 | { |
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376 | btAssert(wheel>=0 && wheel < getNumWheels()); |
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377 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = getWheelInfo(wheel); |
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378 | wheelInfo.m_engineForce = force; |
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379 | } |
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380 | |
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381 | |
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382 | const btWheelInfo& btRaycastVehicle::getWheelInfo(int index) const |
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383 | { |
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384 | btAssert((index >= 0) && (index < getNumWheels())); |
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385 | |
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386 | return m_wheelInfo[index]; |
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387 | } |
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388 | |
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389 | btWheelInfo& btRaycastVehicle::getWheelInfo(int index) |
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390 | { |
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391 | btAssert((index >= 0) && (index < getNumWheels())); |
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392 | |
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393 | return m_wheelInfo[index]; |
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394 | } |
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395 | |
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396 | void btRaycastVehicle::setBrake(btScalar brake,int wheelIndex) |
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397 | { |
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398 | btAssert((wheelIndex >= 0) && (wheelIndex < getNumWheels())); |
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399 | getWheelInfo(wheelIndex).m_brake = brake; |
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400 | } |
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401 | |
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402 | |
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403 | void btRaycastVehicle::updateSuspension(btScalar deltaTime) |
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404 | { |
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405 | (void)deltaTime; |
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406 | |
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407 | btScalar chassisMass = btScalar(1.) / m_chassisBody->getInvMass(); |
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408 | |
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409 | for (int w_it=0; w_it<getNumWheels(); w_it++) |
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410 | { |
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411 | btWheelInfo &wheel_info = m_wheelInfo[w_it]; |
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412 | |
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413 | if ( wheel_info.m_raycastInfo.m_isInContact ) |
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414 | { |
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415 | btScalar force; |
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416 | // Spring |
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417 | { |
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418 | btScalar susp_length = wheel_info.getSuspensionRestLength(); |
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419 | btScalar current_length = wheel_info.m_raycastInfo.m_suspensionLength; |
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420 | |
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421 | btScalar length_diff = (susp_length - current_length); |
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422 | |
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423 | force = wheel_info.m_suspensionStiffness |
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424 | * length_diff * wheel_info.m_clippedInvContactDotSuspension; |
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425 | } |
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426 | |
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427 | // Damper |
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428 | { |
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429 | btScalar projected_rel_vel = wheel_info.m_suspensionRelativeVelocity; |
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430 | { |
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431 | btScalar susp_damping; |
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432 | if ( projected_rel_vel < btScalar(0.0) ) |
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433 | { |
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434 | susp_damping = wheel_info.m_wheelsDampingCompression; |
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435 | } |
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436 | else |
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437 | { |
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438 | susp_damping = wheel_info.m_wheelsDampingRelaxation; |
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439 | } |
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440 | force -= susp_damping * projected_rel_vel; |
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441 | } |
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442 | } |
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443 | |
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444 | // RESULT |
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445 | wheel_info.m_wheelsSuspensionForce = force * chassisMass; |
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446 | if (wheel_info.m_wheelsSuspensionForce < btScalar(0.)) |
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447 | { |
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448 | wheel_info.m_wheelsSuspensionForce = btScalar(0.); |
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449 | } |
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450 | } |
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451 | else |
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452 | { |
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453 | wheel_info.m_wheelsSuspensionForce = btScalar(0.0); |
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454 | } |
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455 | } |
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456 | |
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457 | } |
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458 | |
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459 | |
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460 | struct btWheelContactPoint |
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461 | { |
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462 | btRigidBody* m_body0; |
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463 | btRigidBody* m_body1; |
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464 | btVector3 m_frictionPositionWorld; |
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465 | btVector3 m_frictionDirectionWorld; |
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466 | btScalar m_jacDiagABInv; |
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467 | btScalar m_maxImpulse; |
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468 | |
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469 | |
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470 | btWheelContactPoint(btRigidBody* body0,btRigidBody* body1,const btVector3& frictionPosWorld,const btVector3& frictionDirectionWorld, btScalar maxImpulse) |
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471 | :m_body0(body0), |
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472 | m_body1(body1), |
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473 | m_frictionPositionWorld(frictionPosWorld), |
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474 | m_frictionDirectionWorld(frictionDirectionWorld), |
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475 | m_maxImpulse(maxImpulse) |
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476 | { |
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477 | btScalar denom0 = body0->computeImpulseDenominator(frictionPosWorld,frictionDirectionWorld); |
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478 | btScalar denom1 = body1->computeImpulseDenominator(frictionPosWorld,frictionDirectionWorld); |
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479 | btScalar relaxation = 1.f; |
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480 | m_jacDiagABInv = relaxation/(denom0+denom1); |
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481 | } |
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482 | |
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483 | |
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484 | |
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485 | }; |
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486 | |
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487 | btScalar calcRollingFriction(btWheelContactPoint& contactPoint); |
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488 | btScalar calcRollingFriction(btWheelContactPoint& contactPoint) |
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489 | { |
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490 | |
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491 | btScalar j1=0.f; |
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492 | |
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493 | const btVector3& contactPosWorld = contactPoint.m_frictionPositionWorld; |
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494 | |
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495 | btVector3 rel_pos1 = contactPosWorld - contactPoint.m_body0->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
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496 | btVector3 rel_pos2 = contactPosWorld - contactPoint.m_body1->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
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497 | |
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498 | btScalar maxImpulse = contactPoint.m_maxImpulse; |
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499 | |
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500 | btVector3 vel1 = contactPoint.m_body0->getVelocityInLocalPoint(rel_pos1); |
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501 | btVector3 vel2 = contactPoint.m_body1->getVelocityInLocalPoint(rel_pos2); |
---|
502 | btVector3 vel = vel1 - vel2; |
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503 | |
---|
504 | btScalar vrel = contactPoint.m_frictionDirectionWorld.dot(vel); |
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505 | |
---|
506 | // calculate j that moves us to zero relative velocity |
---|
507 | j1 = -vrel * contactPoint.m_jacDiagABInv; |
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508 | btSetMin(j1, maxImpulse); |
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509 | btSetMax(j1, -maxImpulse); |
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510 | |
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511 | return j1; |
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512 | } |
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513 | |
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514 | |
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515 | |
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516 | |
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517 | btScalar sideFrictionStiffness2 = btScalar(1.0); |
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518 | void btRaycastVehicle::updateFriction(btScalar timeStep) |
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519 | { |
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520 | |
---|
521 | //calculate the impulse, so that the wheels don't move sidewards |
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522 | int numWheel = getNumWheels(); |
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523 | if (!numWheel) |
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524 | return; |
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525 | |
---|
526 | m_forwardWS.resize(numWheel); |
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527 | m_axle.resize(numWheel); |
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528 | m_forwardImpulse.resize(numWheel); |
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529 | m_sideImpulse.resize(numWheel); |
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530 | |
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531 | int numWheelsOnGround = 0; |
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532 | |
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533 | |
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534 | //collapse all those loops into one! |
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535 | for (int i=0;i<getNumWheels();i++) |
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536 | { |
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537 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = m_wheelInfo[i]; |
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538 | class btRigidBody* groundObject = (class btRigidBody*) wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject; |
---|
539 | if (groundObject) |
---|
540 | numWheelsOnGround++; |
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541 | m_sideImpulse[i] = btScalar(0.); |
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542 | m_forwardImpulse[i] = btScalar(0.); |
---|
543 | |
---|
544 | } |
---|
545 | |
---|
546 | { |
---|
547 | |
---|
548 | for (int i=0;i<getNumWheels();i++) |
---|
549 | { |
---|
550 | |
---|
551 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = m_wheelInfo[i]; |
---|
552 | |
---|
553 | class btRigidBody* groundObject = (class btRigidBody*) wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject; |
---|
554 | |
---|
555 | if (groundObject) |
---|
556 | { |
---|
557 | |
---|
558 | const btTransform& wheelTrans = getWheelTransformWS( i ); |
---|
559 | |
---|
560 | btMatrix3x3 wheelBasis0 = wheelTrans.getBasis(); |
---|
561 | m_axle[i] = btVector3( |
---|
562 | wheelBasis0[0][m_indexRightAxis], |
---|
563 | wheelBasis0[1][m_indexRightAxis], |
---|
564 | wheelBasis0[2][m_indexRightAxis]); |
---|
565 | |
---|
566 | const btVector3& surfNormalWS = wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactNormalWS; |
---|
567 | btScalar proj = m_axle[i].dot(surfNormalWS); |
---|
568 | m_axle[i] -= surfNormalWS * proj; |
---|
569 | m_axle[i] = m_axle[i].normalize(); |
---|
570 | |
---|
571 | m_forwardWS[i] = surfNormalWS.cross(m_axle[i]); |
---|
572 | m_forwardWS[i].normalize(); |
---|
573 | |
---|
574 | |
---|
575 | resolveSingleBilateral(*m_chassisBody, wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS, |
---|
576 | *groundObject, wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS, |
---|
577 | btScalar(0.), m_axle[i],m_sideImpulse[i],timeStep); |
---|
578 | |
---|
579 | m_sideImpulse[i] *= sideFrictionStiffness2; |
---|
580 | |
---|
581 | } |
---|
582 | |
---|
583 | |
---|
584 | } |
---|
585 | } |
---|
586 | |
---|
587 | btScalar sideFactor = btScalar(1.); |
---|
588 | btScalar fwdFactor = 0.5; |
---|
589 | |
---|
590 | bool sliding = false; |
---|
591 | { |
---|
592 | for (int wheel =0;wheel <getNumWheels();wheel++) |
---|
593 | { |
---|
594 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = m_wheelInfo[wheel]; |
---|
595 | class btRigidBody* groundObject = (class btRigidBody*) wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject; |
---|
596 | |
---|
597 | btScalar rollingFriction = 0.f; |
---|
598 | |
---|
599 | if (groundObject) |
---|
600 | { |
---|
601 | if (wheelInfo.m_engineForce != 0.f) |
---|
602 | { |
---|
603 | rollingFriction = wheelInfo.m_engineForce* timeStep; |
---|
604 | } else |
---|
605 | { |
---|
606 | btScalar defaultRollingFrictionImpulse = 0.f; |
---|
607 | btScalar maxImpulse = wheelInfo.m_brake ? wheelInfo.m_brake : defaultRollingFrictionImpulse; |
---|
608 | btWheelContactPoint contactPt(m_chassisBody,groundObject,wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS,m_forwardWS[wheel],maxImpulse); |
---|
609 | rollingFriction = calcRollingFriction(contactPt); |
---|
610 | } |
---|
611 | } |
---|
612 | |
---|
613 | //switch between active rolling (throttle), braking and non-active rolling friction (no throttle/break) |
---|
614 | |
---|
615 | |
---|
616 | |
---|
617 | |
---|
618 | m_forwardImpulse[wheel] = btScalar(0.); |
---|
619 | m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo= btScalar(1.); |
---|
620 | |
---|
621 | if (groundObject) |
---|
622 | { |
---|
623 | m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo= btScalar(1.); |
---|
624 | |
---|
625 | btScalar maximp = wheelInfo.m_wheelsSuspensionForce * timeStep * wheelInfo.m_frictionSlip; |
---|
626 | btScalar maximpSide = maximp; |
---|
627 | |
---|
628 | btScalar maximpSquared = maximp * maximpSide; |
---|
629 | |
---|
630 | |
---|
631 | m_forwardImpulse[wheel] = rollingFriction;//wheelInfo.m_engineForce* timeStep; |
---|
632 | |
---|
633 | btScalar x = (m_forwardImpulse[wheel] ) * fwdFactor; |
---|
634 | btScalar y = (m_sideImpulse[wheel] ) * sideFactor; |
---|
635 | |
---|
636 | btScalar impulseSquared = (x*x + y*y); |
---|
637 | |
---|
638 | if (impulseSquared > maximpSquared) |
---|
639 | { |
---|
640 | sliding = true; |
---|
641 | |
---|
642 | btScalar factor = maximp / btSqrt(impulseSquared); |
---|
643 | |
---|
644 | m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo *= factor; |
---|
645 | } |
---|
646 | } |
---|
647 | |
---|
648 | } |
---|
649 | } |
---|
650 | |
---|
651 | |
---|
652 | |
---|
653 | |
---|
654 | if (sliding) |
---|
655 | { |
---|
656 | for (int wheel = 0;wheel < getNumWheels(); wheel++) |
---|
657 | { |
---|
658 | if (m_sideImpulse[wheel] != btScalar(0.)) |
---|
659 | { |
---|
660 | if (m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo< btScalar(1.)) |
---|
661 | { |
---|
662 | m_forwardImpulse[wheel] *= m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo; |
---|
663 | m_sideImpulse[wheel] *= m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_skidInfo; |
---|
664 | } |
---|
665 | } |
---|
666 | } |
---|
667 | } |
---|
668 | |
---|
669 | // apply the impulses |
---|
670 | { |
---|
671 | for (int wheel = 0;wheel<getNumWheels() ; wheel++) |
---|
672 | { |
---|
673 | btWheelInfo& wheelInfo = m_wheelInfo[wheel]; |
---|
674 | |
---|
675 | btVector3 rel_pos = wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS - |
---|
676 | m_chassisBody->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
---|
677 | |
---|
678 | if (m_forwardImpulse[wheel] != btScalar(0.)) |
---|
679 | { |
---|
680 | m_chassisBody->applyImpulse(m_forwardWS[wheel]*(m_forwardImpulse[wheel]),rel_pos); |
---|
681 | } |
---|
682 | if (m_sideImpulse[wheel] != btScalar(0.)) |
---|
683 | { |
---|
684 | class btRigidBody* groundObject = (class btRigidBody*) m_wheelInfo[wheel].m_raycastInfo.m_groundObject; |
---|
685 | |
---|
686 | btVector3 rel_pos2 = wheelInfo.m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS - |
---|
687 | groundObject->getCenterOfMassPosition(); |
---|
688 | |
---|
689 | |
---|
690 | btVector3 sideImp = m_axle[wheel] * m_sideImpulse[wheel]; |
---|
691 | |
---|
692 | rel_pos[m_indexForwardAxis] *= wheelInfo.m_rollInfluence; |
---|
693 | m_chassisBody->applyImpulse(sideImp,rel_pos); |
---|
694 | |
---|
695 | //apply friction impulse on the ground |
---|
696 | groundObject->applyImpulse(-sideImp,rel_pos2); |
---|
697 | } |
---|
698 | } |
---|
699 | } |
---|
700 | |
---|
701 | |
---|
702 | } |
---|
703 | |
---|
704 | |
---|
705 | |
---|
706 | void btRaycastVehicle::debugDraw(btIDebugDraw* debugDrawer) |
---|
707 | { |
---|
708 | |
---|
709 | for (int v=0;v<this->getNumWheels();v++) |
---|
710 | { |
---|
711 | btVector3 wheelColor(0,255,255); |
---|
712 | if (getWheelInfo(v).m_raycastInfo.m_isInContact) |
---|
713 | { |
---|
714 | wheelColor.setValue(0,0,255); |
---|
715 | } else |
---|
716 | { |
---|
717 | wheelColor.setValue(255,0,255); |
---|
718 | } |
---|
719 | |
---|
720 | btVector3 wheelPosWS = getWheelInfo(v).m_worldTransform.getOrigin(); |
---|
721 | |
---|
722 | btVector3 axle = btVector3( |
---|
723 | getWheelInfo(v).m_worldTransform.getBasis()[0][getRightAxis()], |
---|
724 | getWheelInfo(v).m_worldTransform.getBasis()[1][getRightAxis()], |
---|
725 | getWheelInfo(v).m_worldTransform.getBasis()[2][getRightAxis()]); |
---|
726 | |
---|
727 | //debug wheels (cylinders) |
---|
728 | debugDrawer->drawLine(wheelPosWS,wheelPosWS+axle,wheelColor); |
---|
729 | debugDrawer->drawLine(wheelPosWS,getWheelInfo(v).m_raycastInfo.m_contactPointWS,wheelColor); |
---|
730 | |
---|
731 | } |
---|
732 | } |
---|
733 | |
---|
734 | |
---|
735 | void* btDefaultVehicleRaycaster::castRay(const btVector3& from,const btVector3& to, btVehicleRaycasterResult& result) |
---|
736 | { |
---|
737 | // RayResultCallback& resultCallback; |
---|
738 | |
---|
739 | btCollisionWorld::ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback(from,to); |
---|
740 | |
---|
741 | m_dynamicsWorld->rayTest(from, to, rayCallback); |
---|
742 | |
---|
743 | if (rayCallback.hasHit()) |
---|
744 | { |
---|
745 | |
---|
746 | btRigidBody* body = btRigidBody::upcast(rayCallback.m_collisionObject); |
---|
747 | if (body && body->hasContactResponse()) |
---|
748 | { |
---|
749 | result.m_hitPointInWorld = rayCallback.m_hitPointWorld; |
---|
750 | result.m_hitNormalInWorld = rayCallback.m_hitNormalWorld; |
---|
751 | result.m_hitNormalInWorld.normalize(); |
---|
752 | result.m_distFraction = rayCallback.m_closestHitFraction; |
---|
753 | return body; |
---|
754 | } |
---|
755 | } |
---|
756 | return 0; |
---|
757 | } |
---|
758 | |
---|