source: code/branches/wiimote/src/external/wiicpp/wiic/events.c @ 10233

/*
 *    events.c
 *
 *        This file is part of WiiC, written by:
 *              Gabriele Randelli
 *              Email: randelli@dis.uniroma1.it
 *
 *    Copyright 2010
 *              
 *        This file is based on Wiiuse, written By:
 *              Michael Laforest        < para >
 *              Email: < thepara (--AT--) g m a i l [--DOT--] com >
 *
 *        Copyright 2006-2007
 *
 *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 *        $Header$
 */

/**
 *      @file
 *      @brief Handles wiimote events.
 *
 *      The file includes functions that handle the events
 *      that are sent from the wiimote to us.
 */

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

#include "definitions.h"
#include "io.h"
#include "wiic_internal.h"
#include "dynamics.h"
#include "ir.h"
#include "nunchuk.h"
#include "classic.h"
#include "guitar_hero_3.h"
#include "events.h"

static void idle_cycle(struct wiimote_t* wm);
void clear_dirty_reads(struct wiimote_t* wm);
void propagate_event(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte event, byte* msg);
static void event_data_read(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg);
static void event_status(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg);
static void handle_expansion(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg);

static void save_state(struct wiimote_t* wm);
static int state_changed(struct wiimote_t* wm);

/**
 *      @brief Poll the wiimotes for any events.
 *
 *      @param wm               An array of pointers to wiimote_t structures.
 *      @param wiimotes The number of wiimote_t structures in the \a wm array.
 *
 *      @return Returns number of wiimotes that an event has occured on.
 *
 *      It is necessary to poll the wiimote devices for events
 *      that occur.  If an event occurs on a particular wiimote,
 *      the event variable will be set.
 */
int wiic_poll(struct wiimote_t** wm, int wiimotes) {
        int evnt = 0;

        #if __APPLE__
                /*
                 *      MACOSX
                 */
                int i;
                
                if (!wm) return 0;

                for (i = 0; i < wiimotes; ++i) {
                        wm[i]->event = WIIC_NONE;
                        if (wiic_io_read(wm[i])) {
                                /* propagate the event */
                                propagate_event(wm[i], wm[i]->event_buf[1], wm[i]->event_buf+2); 
                                evnt += (wm[i]->event != WIIC_NONE);

                                /* clear out the event buffer */
                                memset(wm[i]->event_buf, 0, sizeof(wm[i]->event_buf));
                        } else {
                                idle_cycle(wm[i]);
                        }       
                }
        #else
                /*
                 *      *nix
                 */
                struct timeval tv;
                fd_set fds;
                int r;
                int i;
                int highest_fd = -1;

                if (!wm) return 0;

                /* block select() for 1/2000th of a second */
                tv.tv_sec = 0;
                tv.tv_usec = 500;

                FD_ZERO(&fds);

                for (i = 0; i < wiimotes; ++i) {
                        /* only poll it if it is connected */
                        if (WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm[i], WIIMOTE_STATE_CONNECTED)) {
                                FD_SET(wm[i]->in_sock, &fds);

                                /* find the highest fd of the connected wiimotes */
                                if (wm[i]->in_sock > highest_fd)
                                        highest_fd = wm[i]->in_sock;
                        }

                        wm[i]->event = WIIC_NONE;
                }

                if (highest_fd == -1)
                        /* nothing to poll */
                        return 0;

                if (select(highest_fd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv) == -1) {
                        WIIC_ERROR("Unable to select() the wiimote interrupt socket(s).");
                        perror("Error Details");
                        return 0;
                }

                /* check each socket for an event */
                for (i = 0; i < wiimotes; ++i) {
                        /* if this wiimote is not connected, skip it */
                        if (!WIIMOTE_IS_CONNECTED(wm[i]))
                                continue;

                        if (FD_ISSET(wm[i]->in_sock, &fds)) {
                                /* clear out the event buffer */
                                memset(wm[i]->event_buf, 0, sizeof(wm[i]->event_buf));

                                /* clear out any old read requests */
                                clear_dirty_reads(wm[i]);

                                /* read the pending message into the buffer */
                                r = read(wm[i]->in_sock, wm[i]->event_buf, sizeof(wm[i]->event_buf));
                                if (r == -1) {
                                        /* error reading data */
                                        WIIC_ERROR("Receiving wiimote data (id %i).", wm[i]->unid);
                                        perror("Error Details");

                                        if (errno == ENOTCONN) {
                                                /* this can happen if the bluetooth dongle is disconnected */
                                                WIIC_ERROR("Bluetooth appears to be disconnected.  Wiimote unid %i will be disconnected.", wm[i]->unid);
                                                wiic_disconnect(wm[i]);
                                                wm[i]->event = WIIC_UNEXPECTED_DISCONNECT;
                                        }

                                        continue;
                                }
                                if (!r) {
                                        /* remote disconnect */
                                        wiic_disconnected(wm[i]);
                                        evnt = 1;
                                        continue;
                                }

                                /* propagate the event */
                                propagate_event(wm[i], wm[i]->event_buf[1], wm[i]->event_buf+2);
                                evnt += (wm[i]->event != WIIC_NONE);
                        } else {
                                idle_cycle(wm[i]);
                        }
                }
        #endif

        return evnt;
}


/**
 *      @brief Called on a cycle where no significant change occurs.
 *
 *      @param wm               Pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 */
static void idle_cycle(struct wiimote_t* wm) {
        /*
         *      Smooth the angles.
         *
         *      This is done to make sure that on every cycle the orientation
         *      angles are smoothed.  Normally when an event occurs the angles
         *      are updated and smoothed, but if no packet comes in then the
         *      angles remain the same.  This means the angle WiiC reports
         *      is still an old value.  Smoothing needs to be applied in this
         *      case in order for the angle it reports to converge to the true
         *      angle of the device.
         */
        if (WIIC_USING_ACC(wm) && WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_SMOOTHING)) {
                apply_smoothing(&wm->gforce, wm->accel_calib.st_alpha);
        }

        /* clear out any old read requests */
        clear_dirty_reads(wm);
}


/**
 *      @brief Clear out all old 'dirty' read requests.
 *
 *      @param wm               Pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 */
void clear_dirty_reads(struct wiimote_t* wm) {
        struct read_req_t* req = wm->read_req;

        while (req && req->dirty) {
                WIIC_DEBUG("Cleared old read request for address: %x", req->addr);

                wm->read_req = req->next;
                free(req);
                req = wm->read_req;
        }
}


/**
 *      @brief Analyze the event that occured on a wiimote.
 *
 *      @param wm               An array of pointers to wiimote_t structures.
 *      @param event    The event that occured.
 *      @param msg              The message specified in the event packet.
 *
 *      Pass the event to the registered event callback.
 */
void propagate_event(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte event, byte* msg) {
        wiic_update_timestamp(wm);
        save_state(wm);

        switch (event) {
                case WM_RPT_BTN:
                {
                        /* button */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);
                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_ACC:
                {
                        /* button - motion */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

                        wm->accel.x = msg[2];
                        wm->accel.y = msg[3];
                        wm->accel.z = msg[4];

                        /* calculate the gforces on each axis */
                        calculate_gforce(&wm->accel_calib, &wm->accel, &wm->gforce, WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_SMOOTHING));
                                                
                        /* calculate the remote orientation */
                        calculate_orientation(&wm->gforce.vec, &wm->orient.angle);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_READ:
                {
                        /* data read */
                        event_data_read(wm, msg);

                        /* yeah buttons may be pressed, but this wasn't an "event" */
                        return;
                }
                case WM_RPT_CTRL_STATUS:
                {
                        /* controller status */
                        event_status(wm, msg);

                        /* don't execute the event callback */
                        return;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_EXP:
                {
                        /* button - expansion */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);
                        handle_expansion(wm, msg+2);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_ACC_EXP:
                {
                        /* button - motion - expansion */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

                        wm->accel.x = msg[2];
                        wm->accel.y = msg[3];
                        wm->accel.z = msg[4];

                        calculate_gforce(&wm->accel_calib, &wm->accel, &wm->gforce, WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_SMOOTHING));
                        calculate_orientation(&wm->gforce.vec, &wm->orient.angle);

                        handle_expansion(wm, msg+5);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_ACC_IR:
                {
                        /* button - motion - ir */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

                        wm->accel.x = msg[2];
                        wm->accel.y = msg[3];
                        wm->accel.z = msg[4];
                        
                        calculate_gforce(&wm->accel_calib, &wm->accel, &wm->gforce, WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_SMOOTHING));
                        calculate_orientation(&wm->gforce.vec, &wm->orient.angle);

                        /* ir */
                        calculate_extended_ir(wm, msg+5);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_IR_EXP:
                {
                        /* button - ir - expansion */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);
                        handle_expansion(wm, msg+12);

                        /* ir */
                        calculate_basic_ir(wm, msg+2);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_BTN_ACC_IR_EXP:
                {
                        /* button - motion - ir - expansion */
                        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

                        wm->accel.x = msg[2];
                        wm->accel.y = msg[3];
                        wm->accel.z = msg[4];

                        calculate_gforce(&wm->accel_calib, &wm->accel, &wm->gforce, WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_SMOOTHING));
                        calculate_orientation(&wm->gforce.vec, &wm->orient.angle);

                        handle_expansion(wm, msg+15);

                        /* ir */
                        calculate_basic_ir(wm, msg+5);

                        break;
                }
                case WM_RPT_WRITE:
                {
                        /* write feedback - safe to skip */
                        break;
                }
                default:
                {
                        WIIC_DEBUG("Unknown event, can not handle it [Code 0x%x].", event);
                        return;
                }
        }

        /* was there an event? */
        if (state_changed(wm))
                wm->event = WIIC_EVENT;
}


/**
 *      @brief Find what buttons are pressed.
 *
 *      @param wm               Pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param msg              The message specified in the event packet.
 */
void wiic_pressed_buttons(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg) {
        short now;

        /* convert to big endian */
        now = BIG_ENDIAN_SHORT(*(short*)msg) & WIIMOTE_BUTTON_ALL;

        /* pressed now & were pressed, then held */
        /* 
         * FIXME - With motion sensing disabled and no other activities
         * it's impossible to state if a button is held, since no other 
         * report will be sent.
         */
        wm->btns_held = (now & wm->btns);
        
        /* were pressed or were held & not pressed now, then released */
        wm->btns_released = ((wm->btns | wm->btns_held) & ~now);

        /* buttons pressed now */
        wm->btns = now;
}


/**
 *      @brief Received a data packet from a read request.
 *
 *      @param wm               Pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param msg              The message specified in the event packet.
 *
 *      Data from the wiimote comes in packets.  If the requested
 *      data segment size is bigger than one packet can hold then
 *      several packets will be received.  These packets are first
 *      reassembled into one, then the registered callback function
 *      that handles data reads is invoked.
 */
static void event_data_read(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg) {
        /* we must always assume the packet received is from the most recent request */
        byte err;
        byte len;
        unsigned short offset;
        struct read_req_t* req = wm->read_req;

        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

        /* find the next non-dirty request */
        while (req && req->dirty)
                req = req->next;

        /* if we don't have a request out then we didn't ask for this packet */
        if (!req) {
                WIIC_WARNING("Received data packet when no request was made.");
                return;
        }

        err = msg[2] & 0x0F;

        if (err == 0x08)
                WIIC_WARNING("Unable to read data - address does not exist.");
        else if (err == 0x07)
                WIIC_WARNING("Unable to read data - address is for write-only registers.");
        else if (err)
                WIIC_WARNING("Unable to read data - unknown error code %x.", err);

        if (err) {
                /* this request errored out, so skip it and go to the next one */

                /* delete this request */
                wm->read_req = req->next;
                free(req);

                /* if another request exists send it to the wiimote */
                if (wm->read_req)
                        wiic_send_next_pending_read_request(wm);

                return;
        }

        len = ((msg[2] & 0xF0) >> 4) + 1;
        offset = BIG_ENDIAN_SHORT(*(unsigned short*)(msg + 3));
        req->addr = (req->addr & 0xFFFF);

        req->wait -= len;
        if (req->wait >= req->size)
                /* this should never happen */
                req->wait = 0;

        WIIC_DEBUG("Received read packet:");
        WIIC_DEBUG("    Packet read offset:   %i bytes", offset);
        WIIC_DEBUG("    Request read offset:  %i bytes", req->addr);
        WIIC_DEBUG("    Read offset into buf: %i bytes", offset - req->addr);
        WIIC_DEBUG("    Read data size:       %i bytes", len);
        WIIC_DEBUG("    Still need:           %i bytes", req->wait);

        /* reconstruct this part of the data */
        memcpy((req->buf + offset - req->addr), (msg + 5), len);

        #ifdef WITH_WIIC_DEBUG
        {
                int i = 0;
                printf("Read: ");
                for (; i < req->size - req->wait; ++i)
                        printf("%x ", req->buf[i]);
                printf("\n");
        }
        #endif

        /* if all data has been received, execute the read event callback or generate event */
        if (!req->wait) {
                if (req->cb) {
                        /* this was a callback, so invoke it now */
                        req->cb(wm, req->buf, req->size);

                        /* delete this request */
                        wm->read_req = req->next;
                        free(req);
                } else {
                        /*
                         *      This should generate an event.
                         *      We need to leave the event in the array so the client
                         *      can access it still.  We'll flag is as being 'dirty'
                         *      and give the client one cycle to use it.  Next event
                         *      we will remove it from the list.
                         */
                        wm->event = WIIC_READ_DATA;
                        req->dirty = 1;
                }

                /* if another request exists send it to the wiimote */
                if (wm->read_req)
                        wiic_send_next_pending_read_request(wm);
        }
}


/**
 *      @brief Read the controller status.
 *
 *      @param wm               Pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param msg              The message specified in the event packet.
 *
 *      Read the controller status and execute the registered status callback.
 */
static void event_status(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg) {
        int led[4] = {0};
        int attachment = 0;
        int ir = 0;
        int exp_changed = 0;

        /*
         *      An event occured.
         *      This event can be overwritten by a more specific
         *      event type during a handshake or expansion removal.
         */
        wm->event = WIIC_STATUS;

        wiic_pressed_buttons(wm, msg);

        /* find what LEDs are lit */
        if (msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_LED_1)        led[0] = 1;
        if (msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_LED_2)        led[1] = 1;
        if (msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_LED_3)        led[2] = 1;
        if (msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_LED_4)        led[3] = 1;

        /* is an attachment connected to the expansion port? */
        if ((msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_ATTACHMENT) == WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_ATTACHMENT)
                attachment = 1;

        /* is the speaker enabled? */
        if ((msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_SPEAKER_ENABLED) == WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_SPEAKER_ENABLED)
                WIIMOTE_ENABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_SPEAKER);

        /* is IR sensing enabled? */
        if ((msg[2] & WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_IR_ENABLED) == WM_CTRL_STATUS_BYTE1_IR_ENABLED)
                ir = 1;

        /* find the battery level and normalize between 0 and 1 */
        wm->battery_level = (msg[5] / (float)WM_MAX_BATTERY_CODE);

        /* expansion port */
        if (attachment && !WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP)) {
                /* send the initialization code for the attachment */
                handshake_expansion(wm, NULL, 0);
                exp_changed = 1;
        } else if (!attachment && WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP)) {
                /* attachment removed */
                disable_expansion(wm);
                exp_changed = 1;
        }

        /*
         *      From now on the remote will only send status packets.
         *      We need to send a WIIMOTE_CMD_REPORT_TYPE packet to
         *      reenable other incoming reports.
         */
        if (exp_changed && WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_IR)) {
                /*
                 *      Since the expansion status changed IR needs to
                 *      be reset for the new IR report mode.
                 */
                WIIMOTE_DISABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_IR);
                wiic_set_ir(wm, 1);
        } else 
                wiic_set_report_type(wm);
}


/**
 *      @brief Handle data from the expansion.
 *
 *      @param wm               A pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param msg              The message specified in the event packet for the expansion.
 */
static void handle_expansion(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* msg) {
        switch (wm->exp.type) {
                case EXP_NUNCHUK:
                        nunchuk_event(&wm->exp.nunchuk, msg);
                        break;
                case EXP_CLASSIC:
                        classic_ctrl_event(&wm->exp.classic, msg);
                        break;
                case EXP_GUITAR_HERO_3:
                        guitar_hero_3_event(&wm->exp.gh3, msg);
                        break;
                case EXP_MOTION_PLUS:
                        motion_plus_event(&wm->exp.mp, msg);
                        break;
                case EXP_BALANCE_BOARD:
                        balance_board_event(&wm->exp.bb, msg);
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
        }
}


/**
 *      @brief Handle the handshake data from the expansion device.
 *
 *      @param wm               A pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param data             The data read in from the device.
 *      @param len              The length of the data block, in bytes.
 *
 *      Tries to determine what kind of expansion was attached
 *      and invoke the correct handshake function.
 *
 *      If the data is NULL then this function will try to start
 *      a handshake with the expansion.
 */
void handshake_expansion(struct wiimote_t* wm, byte* data, unsigned short len) {
        int id;

        if (!data) {
                if(WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP) || WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP_FAILED) || WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP_HANDSHAKE))
                        return;

                byte* handshake_buf;
                byte buf = 0x00;

                if (WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP))
                        disable_expansion(wm);

                wiic_write_data(wm, WM_EXP_MEM_ENABLE, &buf, 1);

                /* get the calibration data */
                handshake_buf = malloc(EXP_HANDSHAKE_LEN * sizeof(byte));
                wiic_read_data_cb(wm, handshake_expansion, handshake_buf, WM_EXP_MEM_CALIBR, EXP_HANDSHAKE_LEN);

                /* tell the wiimote to send expansion data */
                WIIMOTE_ENABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP);

                return;
        }

        id = BIG_ENDIAN_LONG(*(int*)(data + 220));

        /* call the corresponding handshake function for this expansion */
        switch (id) {
                case EXP_ID_CODE_NUNCHUK:
                {
                        if (nunchuk_handshake(wm, &wm->exp.nunchuk, data, len))
                                wm->event = WIIC_NUNCHUK_INSERTED;
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_ID_CODE_CLASSIC_CONTROLLER:
                {
                        if (classic_ctrl_handshake(wm, &wm->exp.classic, data, len))
                                wm->event = WIIC_CLASSIC_CTRL_INSERTED;
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_ID_CODE_GUITAR:
                {
                        if (guitar_hero_3_handshake(wm, &wm->exp.gh3, data, len))
                                wm->event = WIIC_GUITAR_HERO_3_CTRL_INSERTED;
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_ID_BALANCE_BOARD:
                {
                        if(balance_board_handshake(wm, &wm->exp.bb, data, len))
                                wm->event = WIIC_BALANCE_BOARD_INSERTED;
                        break;
                }
                default:
                {
                        WIIC_WARNING("Unknown expansion type. Code: 0x%x", id);
                        break;
                }
        }

        free(data);
}



/**
 *      @brief Disable the expansion device if it was enabled.
 *
 *      @param wm               A pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @param data             The data read in from the device.
 *      @param len              The length of the data block, in bytes.
 *
 *      If the data is NULL then this function will try to start
 *      a handshake with the expansion.
 */
void disable_expansion(struct wiimote_t* wm) {
        if (!WIIMOTE_IS_SET(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP))
                return;

        /* tell the assoicated module the expansion was removed */
        switch (wm->exp.type) {
                case EXP_NUNCHUK:
                        nunchuk_disconnected(&wm->exp.nunchuk);
                        wm->event = WIIC_NUNCHUK_REMOVED;
                        break;
                case EXP_CLASSIC:
                        classic_ctrl_disconnected(&wm->exp.classic);
                        wm->event = WIIC_CLASSIC_CTRL_REMOVED;
                        break;
                case EXP_GUITAR_HERO_3:
                        guitar_hero_3_disconnected(&wm->exp.gh3);
                        wm->event = WIIC_GUITAR_HERO_3_CTRL_REMOVED;
                        break;
                case EXP_MOTION_PLUS:
                        motion_plus_disconnected(&wm->exp.mp);
                        wm->event = WIIC_MOTION_PLUS_REMOVED;
                        break;
                case EXP_BALANCE_BOARD:
                        balance_board_disconnected(&wm->exp.bb);
                        wm->event = WIIC_BALANCE_BOARD_REMOVED;
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
        }

        WIIMOTE_DISABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP);
        WIIMOTE_DISABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP_FAILED);
        WIIMOTE_DISABLE_STATE(wm, WIIMOTE_STATE_EXP_HANDSHAKE);
        wm->exp.type = EXP_NONE;
}


/**
 *      @brief Save important state data.
 *      @param wm       A pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 */
static void save_state(struct wiimote_t* wm) {
        /* wiimote */
        wm->lstate.btns = wm->btns;
        wm->lstate.accel = wm->accel;

        /* ir */
        if (WIIC_USING_IR(wm)) {
                wm->lstate.ir_ax = wm->ir.ax;
                wm->lstate.ir_ay = wm->ir.ay;
                wm->lstate.ir_distance = wm->ir.distance;
        }

        /* expansion */
        switch (wm->exp.type) {
                case EXP_NUNCHUK:
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang = wm->exp.nunchuk.js.ang;
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag = wm->exp.nunchuk.js.mag;
                        wm->lstate.exp_btns = wm->exp.nunchuk.btns;
                        wm->lstate.exp_accel = wm->exp.nunchuk.accel;
                        break;

                case EXP_CLASSIC:
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang = wm->exp.classic.ljs.ang;
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag = wm->exp.classic.ljs.mag;
                        wm->lstate.exp_rjs_ang = wm->exp.classic.rjs.ang;
                        wm->lstate.exp_rjs_mag = wm->exp.classic.rjs.mag;
                        wm->lstate.exp_r_shoulder = wm->exp.classic.r_shoulder;
                        wm->lstate.exp_l_shoulder = wm->exp.classic.l_shoulder;
                        wm->lstate.exp_btns = wm->exp.classic.btns;
                        break;

                case EXP_GUITAR_HERO_3:
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang = wm->exp.gh3.js.ang;
                        wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag = wm->exp.gh3.js.mag;
                        wm->lstate.exp_r_shoulder = wm->exp.gh3.whammy_bar;
                        wm->lstate.exp_btns = wm->exp.gh3.btns;
                        break;
                        
                case EXP_MOTION_PLUS:
                        wm->lstate.mp_acc_mode = wm->exp.mp.acc_mode;
                        wm->lstate.mp_raw_gyro.roll = wm->exp.mp.raw_gyro.roll;
                        wm->lstate.mp_raw_gyro.pitch = wm->exp.mp.raw_gyro.pitch;
                        wm->lstate.mp_raw_gyro.yaw = wm->exp.mp.raw_gyro.yaw;
                        break;
                        
                case EXP_BALANCE_BOARD:
                        wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.top_left = wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.top_left;
                        wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.top_right = wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.top_right;
                        wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.bottom_left = wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.bottom_left;
                        wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.bottom_right = wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.bottom_right;
                        break;

                case EXP_NONE:
                        break;
        }
}


/**
 *      @brief Determine if the current state differs significantly from the previous.
 *      @param wm       A pointer to a wiimote_t structure.
 *      @return 1 if a significant change occured, 0 if not.
 */
static int state_changed(struct wiimote_t* wm) {
        #define STATE_CHANGED(a, b)             if (a != b)                             return 1

        #define CROSS_THRESH(last, now, thresh)                                                                         \
                                do {                                                                                                                    \
                                        if (WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_ORIENT_THRESH)) {              \
                                                if ((diff_f(last.roll, now.roll) >= thresh) ||                  \
                                                        (diff_f(last.pitch, now.pitch) >= thresh) ||            \
                                                        (diff_f(last.yaw, now.yaw) >= thresh))                          \
                                                {                                                                                                               \
                                                        last = now;                                                                                     \
                                                        return 1;                                                                                       \
                                                }                                                                                                               \
                                        } else {                                                                                                        \
                                                if (last.roll != now.roll)              return 1;                               \
                                                if (last.pitch != now.pitch)    return 1;                               \
                                                if (last.yaw != now.yaw)                return 1;                               \
                                        }                                                                                                                       \
                                } while (0)

        #define CROSS_THRESH_XYZ(last, now, thresh)                                                                     \
                                do {                                                                                                                    \
                                        if (WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_ORIENT_THRESH)) {              \
                                                if ((diff_f(last.x, now.x) >= thresh) ||                                \
                                                        (diff_f(last.y, now.y) >= thresh) ||                            \
                                                        (diff_f(last.z, now.z) >= thresh))                                      \
                                                {                                                                                                               \
                                                        last = now;                                                                                     \
                                                        return 1;                                                                                       \
                                                }                                                                                                               \
                                        } else {                                                                                                        \
                                                if (last.x != now.x)            return 1;                                       \
                                                if (last.y != now.y)            return 1;                                       \
                                                if (last.z != now.z)            return 1;                                       \
                                        }                                                                                                                       \
                                } while (0)

        #define CROSS_THRESH_RATE(last, now, thresh)                                                            \
                                do {                                                                                                                    \
                                        if (WIIMOTE_IS_FLAG_SET(wm, WIIC_ORIENT_THRESH)) {              \
                                                if ((diff_f(last.roll, now.roll) >= thresh) ||                          \
                                                        (diff_f(last.pitch, now.pitch) >= thresh) ||                            \
                                                        (diff_f(last.yaw, now.yaw) >= thresh))                                  \
                                                {                                                                                                               \
                                                        last = now;                                                                                     \
                                                        return 1;                                                                                       \
                                                }                                                                                                               \
                                        } else {                                                                                                        \
                                                if (last.roll != now.roll)              return 1;                                       \
                                                if (last.pitch != now.pitch)            return 1;                                       \
                                                if (last.yaw != now.yaw)                return 1;                                       \
                                        }                                                                                                                       \
                                } while (0)
                                
        /* ir */
        if (WIIC_USING_IR(wm)) {
                STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.ir_ax, wm->ir.ax);
                STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.ir_ay, wm->ir.ay);
                STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.ir_distance, wm->ir.distance);
        }

        /* accelerometer */
        if (WIIC_USING_ACC(wm)) {
                /* raw accelerometer */
                CROSS_THRESH_XYZ(wm->lstate.accel, wm->accel, wm->accel_threshold);

                /* orientation */
                CROSS_THRESH(wm->lstate.orient.angle, wm->orient.angle, wm->orient_threshold);
        }

        /* expansion */
        switch (wm->exp.type) {
                case EXP_NUNCHUK:
                {
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang, wm->exp.nunchuk.js.ang);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag, wm->exp.nunchuk.js.mag);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_btns, wm->exp.nunchuk.btns);

                        CROSS_THRESH(wm->lstate.exp_orient.angle, wm->exp.nunchuk.orient.angle, wm->exp.nunchuk.orient_threshold);
                        CROSS_THRESH_XYZ(wm->lstate.exp_accel, wm->exp.nunchuk.accel, wm->exp.nunchuk.accel_threshold);
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_CLASSIC:
                {
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang, wm->exp.classic.ljs.ang);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag, wm->exp.classic.ljs.mag);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_rjs_ang, wm->exp.classic.rjs.ang);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_rjs_mag, wm->exp.classic.rjs.mag);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_r_shoulder, wm->exp.classic.r_shoulder);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_l_shoulder, wm->exp.classic.l_shoulder);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_btns, wm->exp.classic.btns);
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_GUITAR_HERO_3:
                {
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_ang, wm->exp.gh3.js.ang);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_ljs_mag, wm->exp.gh3.js.mag);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_r_shoulder, wm->exp.gh3.whammy_bar);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.exp_btns, wm->exp.gh3.btns);
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_MOTION_PLUS:
                {
                        /* acceleration mode */
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.mp_acc_mode, wm->exp.mp.acc_mode);

                        /* raw gyro rate */
                        CROSS_THRESH_RATE(wm->lstate.mp_raw_gyro, wm->exp.mp.raw_gyro, wm->exp.mp.raw_gyro_threshold);
                        break;
                }
                case EXP_BALANCE_BOARD:
                {
                        /* balance board */
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.top_left,wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.top_left);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.top_right,wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.top_right);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.bottom_left,wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.bottom_left);
                        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.pressure_raw_data.bottom_right,wm->exp.bb.pressure_raw_data.bottom_right);
                        break;
                }       
                case EXP_NONE:
                {
                        break;
                }
        }

        STATE_CHANGED(wm->lstate.btns, wm->btns);

        return 0;
}