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7<title>Boost Getting Started on Unix Variants</title>
8<meta content="Getting Started with Boost on Unix Variants (including Linux and MacOS)" name="description" />
9<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../rst.css" type="text/css" />
10</head>
11<body>
12<div class="document" id="logo-getting-started-on-unix-variants">
13<h1 class="title"><a class="reference external" href="../../index.htm"><img alt="Boost" class="boost-logo" src="../../boost.png" /></a> Getting Started on Unix Variants</h1>
14
15<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
16<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
17<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
18<!-- maybe we don't need this
19.. Admonition:: A note to Cygwin_ and MinGW_ users
20
21  If you plan to build from the Cygwin_ bash shell, you're in the
22  right place.  If you plan to use your tools from the Windows
23  command prompt, you should follow the instructions for `getting
24  started on Windows`_.  Other command shells, such as MinGW_\ 's
25  MSYS, are not supported—they may or may not work.
26
27  .. _`Getting Started on Windows`: windows.html
28  .. _Cygwin: http://www.cygwin.com
29  .. _MinGW: http://mingw.org -->
30<div class="contents topic" id="index">
31<p class="topic-title first">Index</p>
32<ul class="auto-toc simple">
33<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-boost" id="id18">1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Get Boost</a></li>
34<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-boost-distribution" id="id19">2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Boost Distribution</a></li>
35<li><a class="reference internal" href="#header-only-libraries" id="id20">3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Header-Only Libraries</a></li>
36<li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-a-simple-program-using-boost" id="id21">4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Build a Simple Program Using Boost</a><ul class="auto-toc">
37<li><a class="reference internal" href="#errors-and-warnings" id="id22">4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Errors and Warnings</a></li>
38</ul>
39</li>
40<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prepare-to-use-a-boost-library-binary" id="id23">5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepare to Use a Boost Library Binary</a><ul class="auto-toc">
41<li><a class="reference internal" href="#easy-build-and-install" id="id24">5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Easy Build and Install</a></li>
42<li><a class="reference internal" href="#or-build-custom-binaries" id="id25">5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Or, Build Custom Binaries</a><ul class="auto-toc">
43<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-bjam" id="id26">5.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Get <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt></a></li>
44<li><a class="reference internal" href="#identify-your-toolset" id="id27">5.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Identify Your Toolset</a></li>
45<li><a class="reference internal" href="#select-a-build-directory" id="id28">5.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Select a Build Directory</a></li>
46<li><a class="reference internal" href="#invoke-bjam" id="id29">5.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Invoke <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt></a></li>
47</ul>
48</li>
49<li><a class="reference internal" href="#expected-build-output" id="id30">5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Expected Build Output</a></li>
50<li><a class="reference internal" href="#in-case-of-build-errors" id="id31">5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In Case of Build Errors</a></li>
51</ul>
52</li>
53<li><a class="reference internal" href="#link-your-program-to-a-boost-library" id="id32">6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Link Your Program to a Boost Library</a><ul class="auto-toc">
54<li><a class="reference internal" href="#library-naming" id="id33">6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Library Naming</a></li>
55<li><a class="reference internal" href="#test-your-program" id="id34">6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Test Your Program</a></li>
56</ul>
57</li>
58<li><a class="reference internal" href="#conclusion-and-further-resources" id="id35">7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Conclusion and Further Resources</a></li>
59</ul>
60</div>
61<div class="section" id="get-boost">
62<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id18">1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Get Boost</a></h1>
63<p>The most reliable way to get a copy of Boost is to download a
64distribution from <a class="reference external" href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=7586&amp;package_id=8041">SourceForge</a>:</p>
65<ol class="arabic">
66<li><p class="first">Download <a class="reference external" href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=7586&amp;package_id=8041"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.tar.bz2</span></tt></a>.</p>
67</li>
68<li><p class="first">In the directory where you want to put the Boost installation,
69execute</p>
70<pre class="literal-block">
71tar --bzip2 -xf <em>/path/to/</em><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt>.tar.bz2
72</pre>
73</li>
74</ol>
75<div class="admonition-other-packages admonition">
76<p class="first admonition-title">Other Packages</p>
77<p class="last">RedHat, Debian, and other distribution packagers supply Boost
78library packages, however you may need to adapt these
79instructions if you use third-party packages, because their
80creators usually choose to break Boost up into several packages,
81reorganize the directory structure of the Boost distribution,
82and/or rename the library binaries.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#packagers" id="id2"><sup>1</sup></a> If you have
83any trouble, we suggest using an official Boost distribution
84from <a class="reference external" href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=7586&amp;package_id=8041">SourceForge</a>.</p>
85</div>
86<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
87<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
88<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
89</div>
90<div class="section" id="the-boost-distribution">
91<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id19">2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Boost Distribution</a></h1>
92<p>This is a sketch of the resulting directory structure:</p>
93<pre class="literal-block">
94<strong>boost_1_34_1</strong><strong>/</strong> .................<em>The “boost root directory”</em>
95   <strong>index.htm</strong> .........<em>A copy of www.boost.org starts here</em>
96   <strong>boost</strong><strong>/</strong> .........................<em>All Boost Header files</em>
97   <tt class="docutils literal"> </tt>
98   <strong>libs</strong><strong>/</strong> ............<em>Tests, .cpp</em>s<em>, docs, etc., by library</em>
99     <strong>index.html</strong> ........<em>Library documentation starts here</em>
100     <strong>algorithm</strong><strong>/</strong>
101     <strong>any</strong><strong>/</strong>
102     <strong>array</strong><strong>/</strong>
103                     <em>…more libraries…</em>
104   <strong>status</strong><strong>/</strong> .........................<em>Boost-wide test suite</em>
105   <strong>tools</strong><strong>/</strong> ...........<em>Utilities, e.g. bjam, quickbook, bcp</em>
106   <strong>more</strong><strong>/</strong> ..........................<em>Policy documents, etc.</em>
107   <strong>doc</strong><strong>/</strong> ...............<em>A subset of all Boost library docs</em>
108</pre>
109<div class="sidebar">
110<p class="first sidebar-title">Header Organization</p>
111<p class="pre-wrap">The organization of Boost library headers isn't entirely uniform,
112but most libraries follow a few patterns:</p>
113<ul class="pre-wrap last">
114<li><p class="first">Some older libraries and most very small libraries place all
115public headers directly into <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt>.</p>
116</li>
117<li><p class="first">Most libraries' public headers live in a subdirectory of
118<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt>, named after the library.  For example, you'll find
119the Python library's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">def.hpp</span></tt> header in</p>
120<pre class="literal-block">
121<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">def.hpp</span></tt>.
122</pre>
123</li>
124<li><p class="first">Some libraries have an “aggregate header” in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> that
125<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#include</span></tt>s all of the library's other headers.  For
126example, <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/building.html">Boost.Python</a>'s aggregate header is</p>
127<pre class="literal-block">
128<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python.hpp</span></tt>.
129</pre>
130</li>
131<li><p class="first">Most libraries place private headers in a subdirectory called
132<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">detail</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt>, or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">aux_</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt>.  Don't expect to find
133anything you can use in these directories.</p>
134</li>
135</ul>
136</div>
137<p>It's important to note the following:</p>
138<ol class="arabic" id="boost-root-directory">
139<li><p class="first">The path to the <strong>boost root directory</strong> (often <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/usr/local/</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt>) is
140sometimes referred to as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$BOOST_ROOT</span></tt> in documentation and
141mailing lists .</p>
142</li>
143<li><p class="first">To compile anything in Boost, you need a directory containing
144the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> subdirectory in your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#include</span></tt> path.  <tt class="docutils literal"> </tt></p>
145</li>
146<li><p class="first">Since all of Boost's header files have the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.hpp</span></tt> extension,
147and live in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> subdirectory of the boost root, your
148Boost <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#include</span></tt> directives will look like:</p>
149<pre class="literal-block">
150#include &lt;boost/<em>whatever</em>.hpp&gt;
151</pre>
152<p>or</p>
153<pre class="literal-block">
154#include &quot;boost/<em>whatever</em>.hpp&quot;
155</pre>
156<p>depending on your preference regarding the use of angle bracket
157includes.  <tt class="docutils literal"> </tt></p>
158</li>
159<li><p class="first">Don't be distracted by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">doc</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> subdirectory; it only
160contains a subset of the Boost documentation.  Start with
161<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libs</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index.html</span></tt> if you're looking for the whole enchilada.</p>
162</li>
163</ol>
164<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
165<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
166<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
167</div>
168<div class="section" id="header-only-libraries">
169<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id20">3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Header-Only Libraries</a></h1>
170<p>The first thing many people want to know is, “how do I build
171Boost?”  The good news is that often, there's nothing to build.</p>
172<div class="admonition-nothing-to-build admonition">
173<p class="first admonition-title">Nothing to Build?</p>
174<p class="last">Most Boost libraries are <strong>header-only</strong>: they consist <em>entirely
175of header files</em> containing templates and inline functions, and
176require no separately-compiled library binaries or special
177treatment when linking.</p>
178</div>
179<!-- .. _separate: -->
180<p>The only Boost libraries that <em>must</em> be built separately are:</p>
181<ul class="simple">
182<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/filesystem/index.html">Boost.Filesystem</a></li>
183<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/iostreams/index.html">Boost.IOStreams</a></li>
184<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/program_options/index.html">Boost.ProgramOptions</a></li>
185<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/building.html">Boost.Python</a> (see the <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/building.html">Boost.Python build documentation</a>
186before building and installing it)</li>
187<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/regex/index.html">Boost.Regex</a></li>
188<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/serialization/index.html">Boost.Serialization</a></li>
189<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/signals/index.html">Boost.Signals</a></li>
190<li><a class="reference external" href="../../doc/html/thread/build.html#thread.build">Boost.Thread</a></li>
191<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/wave/index.html">Boost.Wave</a></li>
192</ul>
193<p>A few libraries have optional separately-compiled binaries:</p>
194<ul class="simple">
195<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/date_time/index.html">Boost.DateTime</a> has a binary component that is only needed if
196you're using its <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">to_string</span></tt>/<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">from_string</span></tt> or serialization
197features, or if you're targeting Visual C++ 6.x or Borland.</li>
198<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/graph/index.html">Boost.Graph</a> also has a binary component that is only needed if
199you intend to <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/graph/doc/read_graphviz.html">parse GraphViz files</a>.</li>
200<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/test/index.html">Boost.Test</a> can be used in “header-only” or “separately compiled”
201mode, although <strong>separate compilation is recommended for serious
202use</strong>.</li>
203</ul>
204<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
205<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
206<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
207</div>
208<div class="section" id="build-a-simple-program-using-boost">
209<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id21">4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Build a Simple Program Using Boost</a></h1>
210<p>To keep things simple, let's start by using a header-only library.
211The following program reads a sequence of integers from standard
212input, uses Boost.Lambda to multiply each number by three, and
213writes them to standard output:</p>
214<pre class="literal-block">
215#include &lt;boost/lambda/lambda.hpp&gt;
216#include &lt;iostream&gt;
217#include &lt;iterator&gt;
218#include &lt;algorithm&gt;
219
220int main()
221{
222    using namespace boost::lambda;
223    typedef std::istream_iterator&lt;int&gt; in;
224
225    std::for_each(
226        in(std::cin), in(), std::cout &lt;&lt; (_1 * 3) &lt;&lt; &quot; &quot; );
227}
228</pre>
229<p>Copy the text of this program into a file called <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">example.cpp</span></tt>.</p>
230<p>Now, in the directory where you saved <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">example.cpp</span></tt>, issue the
231following command:</p>
232<pre class="literal-block">
233c++ -I <em>path/to/</em><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt> example.cpp -o example
234</pre>
235<p>To test the result, type:</p>
236<pre class="literal-block">
237echo 1 2 3 | ./example
238</pre>
239<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
240<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
241<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
242<div class="section" id="errors-and-warnings">
243<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id22">4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Errors and Warnings</a></h2>
244<p>Don't be alarmed if you see compiler warnings originating in Boost
245headers.  We try to eliminate them, but doing so isn't always
246practical.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#warnings" id="id5"><sup>3</sup></a> <strong>Errors are another matter</strong>.  If you're
247seeing compilation errors at this point in the tutorial, check to
248be sure you've copied the <a class="reference internal" href="#build-a-simple-program-using-boost">example program</a> correctly and that you've
249correctly identified the <a class="reference internal" href="#boost-root-directory">Boost root directory</a>.</p>
250<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
251<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
252<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
253</div>
254</div>
255<div class="section" id="prepare-to-use-a-boost-library-binary">
256<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id23">5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepare to Use a Boost Library Binary</a></h1>
257<p>If you want to use any of the separately-compiled Boost libraries,
258you'll need to acquire library binaries.</p>
259<div class="section" id="easy-build-and-install">
260<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id24">5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Easy Build and Install</a></h2>
261<p>Issue the following commands in the shell (don't type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$</span></tt>; that
262represents the shell's prompt):</p>
263<pre class="literal-block">
264<strong>$</strong> cd <em>path/to/</em><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt>
265<strong>$</strong> ./configure --help
266</pre>
267<p>Select your configuration options and invoke <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">./configure</span></tt> again
268without the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--help</span></tt> option.  Unless you have write permission in
269your system's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/usr/local/</span></tt> directory, you'll probably want to at
270least use</p>
271<pre class="literal-block">
272<strong>$</strong> ./configure <strong>--prefix=</strong><em>path</em>/<em>to</em>/<em>installation</em>/<em>prefix</em>
273</pre>
274<p>to install somewhere else.  Also, consider using the
275<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--show-libraries</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--with-libraries=</span></tt> options to limit the
276long wait you'll experience if you build everything.  Finally,</p>
277<pre class="literal-block">
278<strong>$</strong> make install
279</pre>
280<p>will leave Boost binaries in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lib/</span></tt> subdirectory of your
281installation prefix.  You will also find a copy of the Boost
282headers in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">include/</span></tt> subdirectory of the installation
283prefix, so you can henceforth use that directory as an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#include</span></tt>
284path in place of the Boost root directory.</p>
285<p><a class="reference internal" href="#link-your-program-to-a-boost-library"><em>skip to the next step</em></a></p>
286</div>
287<div class="section" id="or-build-custom-binaries">
288<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id25">5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Or, Build Custom Binaries</a></h2>
289<p>If you're using a compiler other than your system's default, you'll
290need to use <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">Boost.Build</a> to create binaries.  You'll also
291use this method if you need a nonstandard build variant (see the
292<a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">Boost.Build documentation</a> for more details).</p>
293<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
294<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
295<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
296<p><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">Boost.Build</a> is a text-based system for developing, testing, and
297installing software.  To use it, you'll need an executable called
298<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt>.</p>
299<!-- .. _Boost.Jam documentation: Boost.Jam_ -->
300<div class="section" id="get-bjam">
301<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id26">5.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Get <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt></a></h3>
302<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> is the command-line tool that drives the Boost Build
303system.  To build Boost binaries, you'll invoke <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> from the
304Boost root.</p>
305<p>Boost provides <a class="reference external" href="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=7586&amp;package_id=72941">pre-compiled <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> executables</a> for a variety of platforms.
306Alternatively, you can build <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> yourself using <a class="reference external" href="../../doc/html/jam/building.html">these
307instructions</a>.</p>
308</div>
309<div class="section" id="identify-your-toolset">
310<span id="toolset-name"></span><span id="toolset"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id27">5.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Identify Your Toolset</a></h3>
311<p>First, find the toolset corresponding to your compiler in the
312following table.</p>
313<div class="note">
314<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
315<p class="last">If you previously chose a toolset for the purposes of
316<a class="reference external" href="../../doc/html/jam/building.html">building bjam</a>, you should assume it won't work and instead
317choose newly from the table below.</p>
318</div>
319<table border="1" class="docutils">
320<colgroup>
321<col width="18%" />
322<col width="33%" />
323<col width="48%" />
324</colgroup>
325<thead valign="bottom">
326<tr><th class="head">Toolset
327Name</th>
328<th class="head">Vendor</th>
329<th class="head">Notes</th>
330</tr>
331</thead>
332<tbody valign="top">
333<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">acc</span></tt></td>
334<td>Hewlett Packard</td>
335<td>Only very recent versions are
336known to work well with Boost</td>
337</tr>
338<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">borland</span></tt></td>
339<td>Borland</td>
340<td>&nbsp;</td>
341</tr>
342<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">como</span></tt></td>
343<td>Comeau Computing</td>
344<td>Using this toolset may
345require <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">configuring</a> another
346toolset to act as its backend</td>
347</tr>
348<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cw</span></tt></td>
349<td>Metrowerks/FreeScale</td>
350<td>The CodeWarrior compiler.  We
351have not tested versions of
352this compiler produced since
353it was sold to FreeScale.</td>
354</tr>
355<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dmc</span></tt></td>
356<td>Digital Mars</td>
357<td>As of this Boost release, no
358version of dmc is known to
359handle Boost well.</td>
360</tr>
361<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">darwin</span></tt></td>
362<td>Apple Computer</td>
363<td>Apple's version of the GCC
364toolchain with support for
365Darwin and MacOS X features
366such as frameworks.</td>
367</tr>
368<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gcc</span></tt></td>
369<td>The Gnu Project</td>
370<td>Includes support for Cygwin
371and MinGW compilers.</td>
372</tr>
373<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hp_cxx</span></tt></td>
374<td>Hewlett Packard</td>
375<td>Targeted at the Tru64
376operating system.</td>
377</tr>
378<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">intel</span></tt></td>
379<td>Intel</td>
380<td>&nbsp;</td>
381</tr>
382<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kylix</span></tt></td>
383<td>Borland</td>
384<td>&nbsp;</td>
385</tr>
386<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">msvc</span></tt></td>
387<td>Microsoft</td>
388<td>&nbsp;</td>
389</tr>
390<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">qcc</span></tt></td>
391<td>QNX Software Systems</td>
392<td>&nbsp;</td>
393</tr>
394<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sun</span></tt></td>
395<td>Sun</td>
396<td>Only very recent versions are
397known to work well with
398Boost.</td>
399</tr>
400<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">vacpp</span></tt></td>
401<td>IBM</td>
402<td>The VisualAge C++ compiler.</td>
403</tr>
404</tbody>
405</table>
406<p>If you have multiple versions of a particular compiler installed,
407you can append the version number to the toolset name, preceded by
408a hyphen, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">intel-9.0</span></tt> or
409<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">borland-5.4.3</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"> </tt></p>
410</div>
411<div class="section" id="select-a-build-directory">
412<span id="id10"></span><span id="build-directory"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id28">5.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Select a Build Directory</a></h3>
413<p><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">Boost.Build</a> will place all intermediate files it generates while
414building into the <strong>build directory</strong>.  If your Boost root
415directory is writable, this step isn't strictly necessary: by
416default Boost.Build will create a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bin.v2/</span></tt> subdirectory for that
417purpose in your current working directory.</p>
418</div>
419<div class="section" id="invoke-bjam">
420<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id29">5.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Invoke <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt></a></h3>
421<p>Change your current directory to the Boost root directory and
422invoke <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> as follows:</p>
423<pre class="literal-block">
424bjam <strong>--build-dir=</strong><a class="reference internal" href="#id10"><em>build-directory</em></a> <strong>--toolset=</strong><a class="reference internal" href="#toolset-name"><em>toolset-name</em></a> stage
425</pre>
426<p>For example, your session might look like this:</p>
427<pre class="literal-block">
428$ cd ~/<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt>
429$ bjam <strong>--build-dir=</strong>/tmp/build-boost <strong>--toolset=</strong>gcc stage
430</pre>
431<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
432<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
433<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
434<p>Building the special <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stage</span></tt> target places Boost
435library binaries in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stage</span></tt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> subdirectory of your <a class="reference internal" href="#build-directory">build
436directory</a>.</p>
437<div class="note">
438<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
439<p class="last"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt> is case-sensitive; it is important that all the
440parts shown in <strong>bold</strong> type above be entirely lower-case.</p>
441</div>
442<p>For a description of other options you can pass when invoking
443<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bjam</span></tt>, type:</p>
444<pre class="literal-block">
445bjam --help
446</pre>
447<p>In particular, to limit the amount of time spent building, you may
448be interested in:</p>
449<ul class="simple">
450<li>reviewing the list of library names with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--show-libraries</span></tt></li>
451<li>limiting which libraries get built with the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--with-</span></tt><em>library-name</em> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--without-</span></tt><em>library-name</em> options</li>
452<li>choosing a specific build variant by adding <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">release</span></tt> or
453<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debug</span></tt> to the command line.</li>
454</ul>
455</div>
456</div>
457<div class="section" id="expected-build-output">
458<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id30">5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Expected Build Output</a></h2>
459<p>During the process of building Boost libraries, you can expect to
460see some messages printed on the console.  These may include</p>
461<ul>
462<li><p class="first">Notices about Boost library configuration—for example, the Regex
463library outputs a message about ICU when built without Unicode
464support, and the Python library may be skipped without error (but
465with a notice) if you don't have Python installed.</p>
466</li>
467<li><p class="first">Messages from the build tool that report the number of targets
468that were built or skipped.  Don't be surprised if those numbers
469don't make any sense to you; there are many targets per library.</p>
470</li>
471<li><p class="first">Build action messages describing what the tool is doing, which
472look something like:</p>
473<pre class="literal-block">
474<em>toolset-name</em>.c++ <em>long</em>/<em>path</em>/<em>to</em>/<em>file</em>/<em>being</em>/<em>built</em>
475</pre>
476</li>
477<li><p class="first">Compiler warnings.</p>
478</li>
479</ul>
480</div>
481<div class="section" id="in-case-of-build-errors">
482<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id31">5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In Case of Build Errors</a></h2>
483<p>The only error messages you see when building Boost—if any—should
484be related to the IOStreams library's support of zip and bzip2
485formats as described <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/iostreams/doc/installation.html">here</a>.  Install the relevant development
486packages for libz and libbz2 if you need those features.  Other
487errors when building Boost libraries are cause for concern.</p>
488<p>If it seems like the build system can't find your compiler and/or
489linker, consider setting up a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user-config.jam</span></tt> file as described
490in the <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/index.html">Boost.Build documentation</a>.  If that isn't your problem or
491the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user-config.jam</span></tt> file doesn't work for you, please address
492questions about configuring Boost for your compiler to the
493<a class="reference external" href="../../more/mailing_lists.htm#jamboost">Boost.Build mailing list</a>.</p>
494<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
495<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
496<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
497</div>
498</div>
499<div class="section" id="link-your-program-to-a-boost-library">
500<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id32">6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Link Your Program to a Boost Library</a></h1>
501<p>To demonstrate linking with a Boost binary library, we'll use the
502following simple program that extracts the subject lines from
503emails.  It uses the <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/regex/index.html">Boost.Regex</a> library, which has a
504separately-compiled binary component.</p>
505<pre class="literal-block">
506#include &lt;boost/regex.hpp&gt;
507#include &lt;iostream&gt;
508#include &lt;string&gt;
509
510int main()
511{
512    std::string line;
513    boost::regex pat( &quot;^Subject: (Re: |Aw: )*(.*)&quot; );
514
515    while (std::cin)
516    {
517        std::getline(std::cin, line);
518        boost::smatch matches;
519        if (boost::regex_match(line, matches, pat))
520            std::cout &lt;&lt; matches[2] &lt;&lt; std::endl;
521    }
522}
523</pre>
524<p>There are two main challenges associated with linking:</p>
525<ol class="arabic simple">
526<li>Tool configuration, e.g. choosing command-line options or IDE
527build settings.</li>
528<li>Identifying the library binary, among all the build variants,
529whose compile configuration is compatible with the rest of your
530project.</li>
531</ol>
532<p>There are two main ways to link to libraries:</p>
533<ol class="upperalpha">
534<li><p class="first">You can specify the full path to each library:</p>
535<pre class="literal-block">
536$ c++ -I <em>path/to/</em><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt> example.cpp -o example <strong>\</strong>
537   <strong>~/boost/lib/libboost_regex-gcc34-mt-d-1_34.a</strong>
538</pre>
539</li>
540<li><p class="first">You can separately specify a directory to search (with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-L</span></tt><em>directory</em>) and a library name to search for (with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-l</span></tt><em>library</em>,<a class="footnote-reference" href="#lowercase-l" id="id12"><sup>2</sup></a> dropping the filename's leading <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lib</span></tt> and trailing
541suffix (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.a</span></tt> in this case):</p>
542<pre class="literal-block">
543$ c++ -I <em>path/to/</em><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_1_34_1</span></tt> example.cpp -o example <strong>\</strong>
544   <strong>-L~/boost/lib/ -lboost_regex-gcc34-mt-d-1_34</strong>
545</pre>
546<p>As you can see, this method is just as terse as method A for one
547library; it <em>really</em> pays off when you're using multiple
548libraries from the same directory.  Note, however, that if you
549use this method with a library that has both static (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.a</span></tt>) and
550dynamic (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.so</span></tt>) builds, the system may choose one
551automatically for you unless you pass a special option such as
552<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-static</span></tt> on the command line.</p>
553</li>
554</ol>
555<p>In both cases above, the bold text is what you'd add to <a class="reference internal" href="#build-a-simple-program-using-boost">the
556command lines we explored earlier</a>.</p>
557<div class="section" id="library-naming">
558<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id33">6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Library Naming</a></h2>
559<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
560<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
561<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
562<p>In order to choose the right binary for your build configuration
563you need to know how Boost binaries are named.  Each library
564filename is composed of a common sequence of elements that describe
565how it was built.  For example,
566<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libboost_regex-vc71-mt-d-1_34.lib</span></tt> can be broken down into the
567following elements:</p>
568<dl class="docutils">
569<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lib</span></tt></dt>
570<dd><em>Prefix</em>: except on Microsoft Windows, every Boost library
571name begins with this string.  On Windows, only ordinary static
572libraries use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lib</span></tt> prefix; import libraries and DLLs do
573not.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#distinct" id="id14"><sup>4</sup></a></dd>
574<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_regex</span></tt></dt>
575<dd><em>Library name</em>: all boost library filenames begin with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost_</span></tt>.</dd>
576<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-vc71</span></tt></dt>
577<dd><em>Toolset tag</em>: identifies the <a class="reference internal" href="#toolset">toolset</a> and version used to build
578the binary.</dd>
579<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-mt</span></tt></dt>
580<dd><em>Threading tag</em>: indicates that the library was
581built with multithreading support enabled.  Libraries built
582without multithreading support can be identified by the absence
583of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-mt</span></tt>.</dd>
584<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-d</span></tt></dt>
585<dd><p class="first"><em>ABI tag</em>: encodes details that affect the library's
586interoperability with other compiled code.  For each such
587feature, a single letter is added to the tag:</p>
588<blockquote>
589<table border="1" class="docutils">
590<colgroup>
591<col width="6%" />
592<col width="94%" />
593</colgroup>
594<thead valign="bottom">
595<tr><th class="head">Key</th>
596<th class="head">Use this library when:</th>
597</tr>
598</thead>
599<tbody valign="top">
600<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">s</span></tt></td>
601<td>linking statically to the C++ standard library and compiler runtime support
602libraries.</td>
603</tr>
604<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">g</span></tt></td>
605<td>using debug versions of the standard and runtime support libraries.</td>
606</tr>
607<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">y</span></tt></td>
608<td>using a special <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/building.html#variants">debug build of Python</a>.</td>
609</tr>
610<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">d</span></tt></td>
611<td>building a debug version of your code.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#debug-abi" id="id15"><sup>5</sup></a></td>
612</tr>
613<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">p</span></tt></td>
614<td>using the STLPort standard library rather than the default one supplied with
615your compiler.</td>
616</tr>
617<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n</span></tt></td>
618<td>using STLPort's deprecated “native iostreams” feature.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#native" id="id16"><sup>6</sup></a></td>
619</tr>
620</tbody>
621</table>
622</blockquote>
623<p class="last">For example, if you build a debug version of your code for use
624with debug versions of the static runtime library and the
625STLPort standard library in “native iostreams” mode,
626the tag would be: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-sgdpn</span></tt>.  If none of the above apply, the
627ABI tag is ommitted.</p>
628</dd>
629<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-1_34</span></tt></dt>
630<dd><em>Version tag</em>: the full Boost release number, with periods
631replaced by underscores. For example, version 1.31.1 would be
632tagged as &quot;-1_31_1&quot;.</dd>
633<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.lib</span></tt></dt>
634<dd><em>Extension</em>: determined according to the operating system's usual
635convention.  On most unix-style platforms the extensions are
636<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.so</span></tt> for static libraries (archives) and shared
637libraries, respectively.  On Windows, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.dll</span></tt> indicates a shared
638library and (except for static libraries built by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">gcc</span></tt>
639<a class="reference internal" href="#toolset">toolset</a>, whose names always end in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.a</span></tt>) <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.lib</span></tt> indicates a
640static or import library.  Where supported by toolsets on unix
641variants, a full version extension is added (e.g. &quot;.so.1.34&quot;) and
642a symbolic link to the library file, named without the trailing
643version number, will also be created.</dd>
644</dl>
645<!-- .. _Boost.Build toolset names: toolset-name_ -->
646<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
647<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
648<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
649</div>
650<div class="section" id="test-your-program">
651<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id34">6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Test Your Program</a></h2>
652<p>To test our subject extraction, we'll filter the following text
653file.  Copy it out of your browser and save it as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">jayne.txt</span></tt>:</p>
654<pre class="literal-block">
655To: George Shmidlap
656From: Rita Marlowe
657Subject: Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?
658---
659See subject.
660</pre>
661<p>If you linked to a shared library, you may need to prepare some
662platform-specific settings so that the system will be able to find
663and load it when your program is run.  Most platforms have an
664environment variable to which you can add the directory containing
665the library.  On many platforms (Linux, FreeBSD) that variable is
666<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span></tt>, but on MacOS it's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH</span></tt>, and
667on Cygwin it's simply <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PATH</span></tt>.  In most shells other than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">csh</span></tt>
668and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tcsh</span></tt>, you can adjust the variable as follows (again, don't
669type the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$</span></tt>—that represents the shell prompt):</p>
670<pre class="literal-block">
671<strong>$</strong> <em>VARIABLE_NAME</em>=<em>path/to/lib/directory</em>:${<em>VARIABLE_NAME</em>}
672<strong>$</strong> export <em>VARIABLE_NAME</em>
673</pre>
674<p>On <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">csh</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tcsh</span></tt>, it's</p>
675<pre class="literal-block">
676<strong>$</strong> setenv <em>VARIABLE_NAME</em> <em>path/to/lib/directory</em>:${<em>VARIABLE_NAME</em>}
677</pre>
678<p>Once the necessary variable (if any) is set, you can run your
679program as follows:</p>
680<pre class="literal-block">
681<strong>$</strong> <em>path</em>/<em>to</em>/<em>compiled</em>/example &lt; <em>path</em>/<em>to</em>/jayne.txt
682</pre>
683<p>The program should respond with the email subject, “Will Success
684Spoil Rock Hunter?”</p>
685<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
686<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
687<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
688</div>
689</div>
690<div class="section" id="conclusion-and-further-resources">
691<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id35">7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Conclusion and Further Resources</a></h1>
692<p>This concludes your introduction to Boost and to integrating it
693with your programs.  As you start using Boost in earnest, there are
694surely a few additional points you'll wish we had covered.  One day
695we may have a “Book 2 in the Getting Started series” that addresses
696them.  Until then, we suggest you pursue the following resources.
697If you can't find what you need, or there's anything we can do to
698make this document clearer, please post it to the <a class="reference external" href="../../more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users'
699mailing list</a>.</p>
700<ul class="simple">
701<li><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/v2/index.html">Boost.Build reference manual</a></li>
702<li><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/jam/index.html">Boost.Jam reference manual</a></li>
703<li><a class="reference external" href="../../more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users' mailing list</a></li>
704<li><a class="reference external" href="../../more/mailing_lists.htm#jamboost">Boost.Build mailing list</a></li>
705<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.crystalclearsoftware.com/cgi-bin/boost_wiki/wiki.pl?Boost.Build_V2">Boost.Build Wiki</a></li>
706<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/index.html">Index of all Boost library documentation</a></li>
707</ul>
708<div class="admonition-onward admonition">
709<p class="first admonition-title">Onward</p>
710<blockquote class="epigraph last">
711<p>Good luck, and have fun!</p>
712<p class="attribution">&mdash;the Boost Developers</p>
713</blockquote>
714</div>
715<hr class="docutils" />
716<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="packagers" rules="none">
717<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
718<tbody valign="top">
719<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">[1]</a></td><td><p class="first">If developers of Boost packages would like to work
720with us to make sure these instructions can be used with their
721packages, we'd be glad to help.  Please make your interest known
722to the <a class="reference external" href="../../more/mailing_lists.htm#main">Boost developers' list</a>.</p>
723</td></tr>
724</tbody>
725</table>
726<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="lowercase-l" rules="none">
727<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
728<tbody valign="top">
729<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id12">[2]</a></td><td>That option is a dash followed by a lowercase “L”
730character, which looks very much like a numeral 1 in some fonts.</td></tr>
731</tbody>
732</table>
733<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
734<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
735<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
736<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="warnings" rules="none">
737<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
738<tbody valign="top">
739<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id5">[3]</a></td><td>Remember that warnings are specific to each compiler
740implementation.  The developer of a given Boost library might
741not have access to your compiler.  Also, some warnings are
742extremely difficult to eliminate in generic code, to the point
743where it's not worth the trouble.  Finally, some compilers don't
744have any source code mechanism for suppressing warnings.</td></tr>
745</tbody>
746</table>
747<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="distinct" rules="none">
748<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
749<tbody valign="top">
750<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id14">[4]</a></td><td>This convention distinguishes the static version of
751a Boost library from the import library for an
752identically-configured Boost DLL, which would otherwise have the
753same name.</td></tr>
754</tbody>
755</table>
756<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="debug-abi" rules="none">
757<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
758<tbody valign="top">
759<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id15">[5]</a></td><td>These libraries were compiled without optimization
760or inlining, with full debug symbols enabled, and without
761<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NDEBUG</span></tt> <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#define</span></tt>d.  Although it's true that sometimes
762these choices don't affect binary compatibility with other
763compiled code, you can't count on that with Boost libraries.</td></tr>
764</tbody>
765</table>
766<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="native" rules="none">
767<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
768<tbody valign="top">
769<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id16">[6]</a></td><td>This feature of STLPort is deprecated because it's
770impossible to make it work transparently to the user; we don't
771recommend it.</td></tr>
772</tbody>
773</table>
774<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
775<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
776<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
777<!-- This file contains all the definitions that need to be updated -->
778<!-- for each new release of Boost. -->
779<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
780<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
781<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
782<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
783<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
784<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
785<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
786<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
787<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
788</div>
789</div>
790</body>
791</html>
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